| From the historical period,the characters and ecological environment of Bosten Lake has experienced great changes, such as the death and abandoned of city(town),the change in the rivers and the Stretching and contraction in the lakes,These changes are attributed to the result of joint action that the natural evolution of climate and environment and superposition of the human activities affect.Research on environmental evolution, the climate reconstruction based mainly on the characters of lake sediments reflects the ancient climate and environment information carrier of alternative indicators in Bosten Lake,but the process of human civilization in historical period is mainly combines the method of historical literature and archaeological materials,for city(town), old transportation lines, and river as the main line, to analysis summary through consulting a large number of relevant literature information.(1) Nearly 2.5 ka, the whole southern Xinjiang region that Bosten Lake is located where the environmental change of evolution pattern mainly relatively cold wet and relatively dry alternately is given priority to,and It is roughly divided into four relatively climate period:500BC~100AD,cold and wet period relatively,Climate environmental conditions is better, and is conducive to crop growth; 100 ~650AD,warm and dry period relatively,Climate environmental conditions is poorer;650~1000AD,cold and wet period relatively,temperature is reduction,Precipitation is more;1000AD up to now,warm and dry period relatively,and appear the abnormal drought climate,Give priority to with drying,There are several changes in temperature fluctuations during it.(2)Through to a simple generalization about the three aspects that the distribution of existing sites of ancient culture(ancient city(town), ancient river way and the ancient traffic lines), the change of historical military reclamation activities and the political and economic activities,to analysis and summary about the change process and reason of activity of human civilization in this area,Come to the conclusion,The activities of the human history in space and time scales are present a certain regularity,represented by military reclamation activities in the agricultural civilization activity is sometimes thriving and sometimes decline,there is a certainly relevance of the changes of the political activities of history states(mainly is the ancient kingdom Yanqi) in this region and the thriving and decline of Zhongyuan regime,namely,in therelatively stable and prosperous period of Zhongyuan regime,be subject to the jurisdiction of the central plains of Yanqi Area,Political situation stability,Economic ties closely;During peaks and valley speriod of Zhongyuan regime,Yanqi area is mainly controlled by the western regions power, Political situation unstability Economy, the production and living are affected by the serious.(3)There is some internal relationship between historical period characters basin climate environment change of dry and wet and ancient human civilization of Bosten Lake basin in historical period,due to climate change, give rise to difference of hydrothermal conditions,cause the corresponding change of agriculture, animal husbandry economy, make the change of human survival environment, conditions,in turn affect the political stability and change of the population.Due to the changes of human activities,In turn may affect the evolution of the environment.compared with the active and initiative of human activity,The natural environment is slowly changing,Human activity is sometimes even determines the natural environmental change process, characteristics and types.Human activities to strengthen the the degree of intervention on the natural environment, such as the war and religious activities in historical period, caused by the unreasonable water diversion irrigation,the unreasonable water diversion irrigation, salinization caused by people at river downstream region,etc of Bosten Lake basin、all can cause changes in the region of the natural environment has become increasingly rapidly.The evolution of Bosten Lake basin in history is a microcosm of Asia-Europe continental arid zone that is delegate with Xinjiang... |
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