| From 1880 to 2012, the earth’s surface temperature rises 0.85℃. From 1975 to 2010, land temperature rise rate is 0.30℃/10 a, which is over 2 times than that of ocean temperature(0.12℃/10a). The mountain, as the geomorphic units with relatively high elevation, is more sensitive to global warming than other geomorphic types with the same latitude. Mountain temperature rise is highly dependent on the altitude,that is,with the increase of altitude, the rate of warming becomes more greater. The study significance of temperature change is not limited to the scope of natural geography,besides, it has very important influence on natural resources development,agricultural production,bio-diversity, human health and disease transmission etc...Funiu Mountain area, located in the western Henan Province and China’s second, third step transition zone, is the east extension of Qinling Mountains into the part of Henan. With vast and mountainous landscape, Funiu Mountain area is the highest and largest mountain system in Henan province. The topography in the whole study area reduces gradually and regularly from west to east, and it declines slowly from north to south.Landform types has a regular change from middle-high and low mountain to hill. Funiu Mountain belongs to subtropical warm temperate and semi humid monsoon climate, it’s transition feature is apparent and hydrothermal constitute is complicated. Because of the special geographical location, complex ecological and environmental conditions, and little human disturbance, the local area has preserved rich biological resources and scarce, So it has important research significance. But its mountainous landform type results in scarce meteorological stations and lack of typical layout, which seriously restricts the research of climate change in Funiu Mountain Area.Firstly, by using the ANUSPLIN software, in the study area,I deal with four seasonal and annual average standard climate data to get the average distribution map of seasonal and annual average temperature; Then,through ANUSPLIN and the function of spatial analysis of ArcGIS 10.0, I sort out seasonal and annual average temperature from 1964 to 2013 to get the temperature tendency distribution map of seasonal and annual average temperature; Lastly, referring to remote sensing distribution map of vegetation in the study area, the DEM map of The study area is divided into 12 types According to 200 m interval. By means of function of spatial analysis of ArcGIS 10.0, the 12 types are reclassified and assigned respectively and calculated together with the change trend of temperature distribution map of the research area of the same period, the average value of the temperature tendency rate in each layer of each period appears.The results are as follows:first, in the study area,in spring the average temperature is 14.2℃, the maximum and minimum temperature is 18.56℃and 7.72℃; in summer, the average temperature is 24.82℃, the maximum and minimum temperature is 30.45℃ and 16.33℃; in autumn,the average temperature is 13.71℃, the maximum and minimum temperature is 18.55℃and 7.24℃; in winter, the average temperature is-0.3℃, the maximum and minimum temperature is 3.53℃and-7.76℃; the average annual temperature is 13.1℃, the maximum and minimum temperature is, 17.35℃and 6.87℃. Second, in the study area, in spring, the average value of temperature trend rate is 0.366℃/10 a, the maximum and minimum value is 0.971℃/10 a and 0.097℃/10a; in summer, the average,maximum and minimum value is-0.109℃/10 a, 0.199℃/10 a and-0.902℃/10a; in autumn, the average, maximum and minimum value is 0.165℃/10 a, 0.364℃/10 a and-0.737℃/10a; in winter, the average,maximum and minimum value is 0.039℃/10 a, 0.271℃/10 a and-0.512℃/10a; the average annual value is 0.147℃/10 a, maximum and minimum value is 0.354℃/10 a and-0.331℃/10 a. Third, in spring, as for the average temperature, the value of temperature trend rate from 1201 m to 1400 m is 0.266℃/10 a, temperature trend rate from 1401 m to 1600 m is 0.285℃/10a; in summer, the value is-0.258℃/10 a and-0.293℃/10 a respectively; in autumn, the value is 0.115℃/10 a and 0.141℃/10 a respectively; in winter, the value is-0.037℃/10 a and-0.031℃/10a; about the annual average temperature, the value is 0.079℃/10 a and 0.080℃/10 a respectively.Accorring to those results, I get the following conclusion: first, altitude and latitude has obvious influence on the spatial distribution of temperature. With the increase of elevation and latitude, temperature has a pronounced downward trend. In Funiu Mountain area, Xichuan area with the lowest latitude has the most abundant heat resources, while heat resources in the small Qinling Mountains peak Lao Ya Cha with the highest elevation is relatively short; second, spring, autumn, winter and annual mean temperature appears obvious up trend, but the summer average temperature is evident decline trend. In the spring and summer, there is a significant correlation between the change trend of temperature and topography,in autumn, winter and annual scales, the change trend of temperature decreased to the surrounding area by taking Gongyi, Xingyang area as the center.Overall, The trend of temperature change in the study area in east west, north is faster than that of in South. Third, The degree of sensitivity of mountain system in response to global change with appears seasonal difference. The warming rate in spring, summer is higher than the average value of Henan Province, but in winter, that is far below the average value of Henan Province, fall and annual average rate of warming does not have the obvious difference with the Henan province. Fourth, In the 1201-1600 m region, the temperature tendency rate rises with altitude. |
PDF Full Text Request