Study On Loess Geological Hazards Characteristics And Preventive Measure In Shanxi Province

Geological disasters are usually formed in the the interaction of geologicalprocesses and human activities, which causing serious damage to human life andproperty or the environment and natural resources to the survival of the socialprocess. In the loess area, because of large pore, loose structure, vertical jointdevelopment, collapsible apparent and low shear of significant features to loess,the topographic feature of Loess Plateau gradually crisscrossed and broken inthe action of water and the external loads. In such situations, the characteristicsof the distribution of geological disasters are widely and variety. According tothe survey, one-third of the mountain landslides occurred in the northwest LoessPlateau.Shanxi as a loess geological disaster-prone region studied in this paper,with wide geographical distribution, high frequency, sudden and strong features.Loess deposits are formed in earthy dry or semi-dry climatic conditions,with smaller particles, loose soil and orthostatic, usually contains calciumcarbonate substances, so it is very easy to dissolve or collapse erosion by water. Shanxi is a major part of the Loess Plateau, its complex topography and rockand soil conditions determine the developmental characteristics of Shanxiunique geological disasters and distribution. Covering all types of geologicaldisasters in the deep part of the loess areas, because concentrated rainfall in theflood season lead to sufficient power conditions, natural disasters were easilyinduced, while the construction of houses, coal mining, construction of roadsand other geological disasters caused by human behavior also occurs frequently,such as landslides, avalanches, sudden landslides, ground subsidence, etc., thuscausing the loss of countless lives and property.The study of geological disasters in Shanxi focused on the loess areaswhere disasters always very serious, such as Lvliang in southwest plateau thealong Yellow River, Xinzhou Linfen in the central basin area, Jinzhong in theeastern edge of the Shanxi central Loess Plateau, Changzhi in Shanxi Provincesoutheastern namely "Qin Lu plateau" also known as "basin of the party". In thisstudy, early-related data collection, field surveys, late-related statistical analysis,and laboratory experiments as the main means to identify the basic distributionof loess geological scope, size and structural characteristics. The majorgeological disasters such as Shanxi Slump, landslides, ground subsidence,ground fissures and other distribution and their distribution, formationmechanism of geological structure, geomorphology conditions have been clear.The hazard genesis, function, size, activity status and degree of risk have beenproved. Loess geological hazards and rainfall patterns, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration to time, the cumulative amount of rainfall have been counted. Thedeterioration law of shear strength have been analyzed by laboratory direct sheartests, with water content increasing in this loess area. Then geologicaldisaster-prone extent and degree of risk zoning were carried out to provide thereliable basis for disaster prevention.