The Correlation Between The Diversity Of Soil Eukaryotic Microorganisms And Environmental Factors In Ebinur Lake Wetland

The Ebinur Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve is the most representative ecosystem in China,which is a temperate desert wetland ecosystem in arid areas. It is very important in regulating climate andmaintaining regional ecological balance. In this study, to reveal the ecological distribution and regionalspecificity of eukaryotic microorganism and explore eukaryotic diversity in the wetland ecosystempotential ecological indicator, the correlation in different temporal and spatial scales between the diversityof soil eukaryotic microorganisms and environmental factors was researched in the Ebinur lake wetlands.To provide a reference for Xinjiang Ebinur Lake Wetland Nattural Reserve District degraded wetlandrestoration research, soils in four different layer of0~5cm,5~15cm,15~25cm and25~35cm in Bohe andJinghe River in three sample areas, including the lakeshore region of Bird island Protection Station(SP1),the meadow area of Bohe estuary Bird watching stage(SP2) and the floodplain of Jinghe saltworks (SP3)were collected at April, July and October three different times as samples. The soil moisture content(MC),pH, electrical conductivity(EC), organic matter(OM), available nitrogen(AN), available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK), soil eight ions content and five soil heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd),chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were measured quantificationally. The correlation inspatial and temporal variation scales of soil physicochemical indexes were analyzed. The results showedthat, the soil moisture content was lower on the whole, had a very significantly correlation with thesampling plot, the pH was higher belonging to a alkaline soil, the electrical conductivity was at a relativelyhigh level, had a significantly negative correlation with soil depth, the soil organic matter content waslower on the whole, the average available nitrogen content was in a relatively lower level, had asignificantly negative correlation with soil depth, the average available phosphorus content was keeping inthe medium range which was very significantly positive correlation with the sampling time, the averageavailable potassium content was in a higher condition, was very significantly negative correlation with soildepth. The soil organic matter was very significantly positive correlation with the available nitrogencontent and available potassium content, was linearly negative correlation with the available phosphorus.The Ebinur Lake Wetland soil organic matter content and available nutrient content is significantly or verysignificantly correlated. The content of heavy metal lead (Pb) is higher than the natural background value.At the same time, the content of heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) also have a higherdistribution in some soil sample in SP2plot and SP3plot. The soil quality of the Ebinur Lake Wetland wasfollowing the law of the meadow area of Bohe estuary Bird watching stage(SP2)> the lakeshore region ofBird island Protection Station(SP1)>the floodplain of Jinghe saltworks (SP3).In other words, Bohe riverarea>Jinghe area.To better understand eukaryotic diversity and community composition in the Ebinur Lake Wetland,the method of PCR-DGGE was used to analyse the18SrDNA sequences of eukaryotic microorganism.Further sequencing and phylogenetic tree was constructed to elucidate the condition of eukaryoticcommunity dynamic succession and the changes of dominant group. The results proved that the diversity inthree plots of DGGE profiles were following the rule of SP1>SP3>SP2. The eukaryotic diversity of Jinghearea is more abundant than Bohe river area. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the eukaryoticmicroorganisms belonged to four kingdoms, the most abundant phyla was Viridiplantae, followed byMetazoa, Fungi was the special phyla of plots SP2and SP3, Alveolata was the special phyla of SP2plot.In order to investigate the correlation between environmental factors and the diversity and communitystructure of eukaryotic microorganisms, the SPSS17.0was used to analyse the correlation of the diversityindexes and community structure with environmental factors. The results showed that the diversity of theeukaryotic microorganisms was mainly affected by soil Fertility level. The soil was fertiler, eukaryoticmicrobial diversity level was lower. The soil was barrener, the level of eukaryotic microbial diversity washigher. The overall level of soil nutrient content in the Ebinur Lake Wetland was lower, Fertility level was not high.The community structure of eukaryotic microorganisms was affected by the soil moisturecontent(MC), pH, electrical conductivity(EC), organic matter(OM) and soil heavy metals.