Zooplankton Community And Water Quality Assessment Of Main Landscape Waters In Shanghai

Landscape water is an important part of a city, which influences the landscape and surrounding living environment. Zooplankton are extremely sensitive to pollution. The characteristics of zooplankton community can reflect water quality. Zooplankton is an important bioindicator. According to the investigation on the characteristics of zooplankton community(including Rotifers, Cladocera and Copepoda) in 49 landscape waters of 33 parks or landscapes in Shanghai, we analyzed the correlation ship between community structure of zooplankton and environmental factors and combined the evaluation of water quality.The main results show as follows:1. 98 kinds of zooplankton were observed in total, belonging to 17 families and 39 genera, including 82 species of Rotifers which took 84% of the total species, 8 species of Copepoda(including nauplii and copepod larvae) which took 8% of the total species; 8 species of Cladocera which took 8% of the total species. Species composition of zooplankton followed seasonal variation, spring > summer > autumn > winter.2. The annual Shannon-Wiener index(H?) ranged from 0.62 to 2.04, the Margalef index(D) ranged from 0.39 to 2.28, and the Pielou index(J) ranged from 0.40 to 0.91. The average Shannon-Wiener index(H?) was that summer > autumn > spring > winter, the average Margalef index(D) was that summer > spring > autumn > winter. There were no significant differences in the average Pielou index(J).3. The annual density of zooplankton ranged from 156 to 21958 ind./L. Rotifers accounted for the largest proportion. The average density of zooplankton was that spring > summer > autumn > winter. The annual biomass of zooplankton ranged from 0.06 to 17.22mg/L. The average biomass of zooplankton was that spring > summer > autumn > winter.4. The dominant species of zooplankton were Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus angularis, Filinia longiseta, Keratella cochlearis, Keratella cochlearis tecta, Keratella tropica, Polyarthra sp., Synchaeta sp., Trichocerca pusilla and Nauplii. The dominant species composition of zooplankton followed seasonal variation. Polyarthra sp. was the first dominant species, whose dominance was significantly higher than other dominant species. The dominance of Polyarthra sp. was 0.237(winter),0.336(spring), 0.309(summer), 0.180(autumn).5. According to Pearson correlation analysis, the characteristics of zooplankton community were related to water temperature(WT), dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD), total phosphorus(TP) and total nitrogen(TN).To explore the effects of pollution and eutrophication of water bodies on zooplankton,the landscape waters were clustered into four groups through cluster analysis,based on COD, TN, TP. Found that as water pollution and eutrophication increases, the density and biomass of zooplankton increased in turn. The density and biomass of zooplankton were closely related to the quality of landscape waters.6. Physical and chemical index, zooplankton dominant species and the diversity index were used to value landscape waters quality in Shanghai. The water quality of landscape waters in Shanghai was at eutrophic to severe eutrophic according to the physical and chemical index. In the view of dominant species of zooplankton, the trophic type of landscape waters in Shanghai was meso-eutrophic / eutrophic. In the view of the diversity index, the landscape waters in Shanghai were in middle to heavily polluted state.