Influences Of Recreation Activities On Plant Community Structure In Jinbianxi

Lots of facts in outdoor recreation development at home and abroad have proved that, recreation activities could pose negative impacts on forest recreation area. Considerable attention have arisen to the impacts that brought by recreation towards vegetation. In this study, a5-year monitor for the vegetation in Jinbianxi core scenic area plant community was carried out. The population of visitors to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park and recreation strength in recent years were analyzed. And the effects caused by recreational activities towards several major ecological indicators such as the plant community composition and advantage degree. Indices like plant group cover reduction (CR), floristic dissimilarity (FD) and plant height reduction (HR) were used here to establish the synthetic Index of Vegetation Impact (IVI), and the definition of recreational activities on the plant community of the impact strength and level. Major conclusions in this study are as follow:1. The recreation activities in Jinbianxi area is among the highest level in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park has developed rapidly in last five years. In2009,2.3million visitors paid visit to Zhangjiajie. The population then counted7.2million and9.29million in2011and2013respectively. With its adjacency to the entrance of the park and the charming scenery, Jinbianxi area enjoys a reputation of a tourist must. Due to a special check-in-again principle, it becomes an aisle of the park. As a result of that, it is inevitable that almost all visitor have to go by or pay their visit to Jinbianxi, which spurs the recreation activities there. The park could witness a busy season and an off season in one year. The visitor population in busy season is quite large, which leaves a fierce recreation activity. And the plants suffer badly accordingly.2. Forest recreation interfered the quantity of the plant community and thus change its species composition, its population also increased accordingly. The arbor species changed little, while the population of shrub layer interference zone number is smaller than the control area. And the herb layer with a large number of partners into plants, plant species number increased significantly.3. Forest recreation Interfere with the change of plant community dominance. Recreation on arbor and shrub layers of plant community dominance effect is not obvious, but after herb layer interference by recreation, significantly alter the composition of herb layer species of plants and plant species increased, herb dominance is varied.4. Forest recreation affected the number of arbor, mainly arbor near tourism-channel are scored damage. The number of shrub layer Characteristic value has declined, the reason probably lied in visitors’behavior such as picking branche sand flowers. Ligustrum lucidum and Dichroa feberifuga changed a little change. The Herb of Plant ground diameter can’t accurate measurement, but the height and coverage of Oenanthe sinensis, Dwarfnettle and Pternopetalum davidii spend are reduced. May be because the tourists trample on the growth of the interference effect of the behavior such as herbs, the number of characteristic value has fallen.5. Forest recreation affected plant community coverage obviously. The major reasons for that were tourists trample and related activities significantly lower total coverage of plant community, especially in the shrub layer coverage It show that tourists recreation behavior mainly affect the shrub layer and herb layer, and the impact on the tree is not obvious.6. Forest recreation have little impact on arbor layer. As to the shrub layer, its main influence coverage was effected, while other indicators suffered little. Larger impact on herb layer, for the herb layer coverage, species diversity and plant height were influenced badly, and the greatest impacts took placed near the tourism channel (within2-3m).7. Forest recreation affect distribution of Impatiens davidi Franch, thus leads to a decrease on its population and coverage.Finally, several suggestions for the protection of plant community and biodiversity were proposed, namely, to carry out the ecological tourism demand, to intensify little-used attractions development and construction, to promote the use of the scenic spots in equilibrium, attaches great importance to the scientific research cooperation.