Research On N-echelon Supply Chain Pricing Models

The studied title is come from National Natural Science Foundation Project (grant number:70471045) : supply chain coordination and quantity discount research based on stochastic demand and asymmetric information.Because of the incessant development of science and technology and the vehement market competition, the competition between individual companies has turned to the competition between supply chains. Along with the acceptance of supply chain concept by more and more corporation governors, theoretical researches and practical application about supply chain management are getting into a ceaseless in-depth and optimizing processe. Therefore, studying supply chain coordination is very significant for efificient supply chain management .Also , it is a hot spot of supply chain research..This dissertation studies the n-echelon supply chain pricing models. The purpose is to find general numeric rules to simplify the complexity of supply chain structure in future research and get some perfect results. The details are given as bellows:1. N-echelon catenarian supply chain pricing model. It starts with the easiest catenarian structure, and uses upstream, middle, downstream company Stackelberg game to educe pricing and best profits. Then it analyses the models of kartell under the four strategies and compares changes between the fore-and-aft models. We have not only validated some common conclusion but also got other useful results via research: Under the Stackelberg game:(i)When upstream companies and downstream companies lead the chain profits decrease from the source of leaders and profit of leading company is double of that of following company;The whole profits of chain is equal;(ii)When middle company leads the chain, the companies at end of two directions have the same profits and profits increases in turn to the source of leaders at the twice speed;(iii)The more the combined enterprise closes to the source of leaders ,the more advantageous it is if the combined enterprise has the same number of companies;(iv)The leaders of combined enterprise gain more profits than the combined enterprise. Under the Nash equilibrium strategy: (i) When the number of companies in thecombined enterprise is more than the square of chain level coalition is advantageous for all companies. (ii)At least 6-level chain can use the coalition strategy and the combined enterprise contains 5 companies at least;(iii) If the combined enterprise contain same number of companies the effectivity is the same wherever it is;(iv) The uncombined enterprises gain more profits than the combined enterprise.2. Extensions of n-echelon catenarian supply chain pricing model. On the basis of chain structure, we extend model to left-emanative structure, right-emanative structure, left-right-emanative structure and net structure. Under each structure, corporation pricing and best profits are given with three Stackelberg game . It is also to get the whole chain profits and find the numeric relationships and rules. We have not only validated some common conclusion but also got other useful results via research: If the source of leaders contain only one company or all companies in this level make the same decision the summation of profits in each level is twice of that in its following level.