An Analysis Of Supply System And Demand System On Rural Public Goods

China is the biggest developing nation in the world with an obvious dual structure. Its huge disparity between the countryside and the city is "the bottleneck" on the road to the whole well-off and the construction of harmonious society. In order to solve this difficult problem, starting from the 80's our government issues "the first document" eight times which are about the agriculture, the countryside and the farmer. In 2006 the Premier proposed the slogan "Construction socialism new countryside". The first important thing to practice the policy is reconstructing or newly building rural public goods, specially producing the foundational public goods that have the life close correlation with the farmers. So the central committee has appropriated the large amount shift payment fund.How to use the shift payment fund best, leading to the biggest benefit? This needs the safeguard of the system. This article takes the middle traditional agriculture area as the inspection object, analyzing the original public supplies system arrangement and its vicissitude to seek the Pareto improvement way. Finally, we reach the goal that the public supply meets the demand and the supply action conforms to the 3"E" (economy, efficiency, effectiveness) standard. In the article I trace the historical process, and observe the practical phenomena. I do the standard theoretical analysis, and use the massive real diagnoses materials as a means of evidence.The paper divides into six parts. The first part is an introduction, mainly introduce the concept the limits, the selected topic significance, the investigation place, the research technique, and the research present situation. The second part is about the countryside public supplies system and its vicissitude. Because of the reform of the rural tax and fee, the countryside public supplies policy-making mechanism, the fund arrangement, cost allocation, the production as well as the surveillance management system has all had the enormous change alleviating the farmer's pressure in the certain degree and lightening the farmer's burden. The third part is about the difficult position and the contradictory ponder which faces to the countryside public supplies system. The reform of the rural tax and fee brings the huge fund pressure to the supplies. Under the original policy-making and the cost allocation mechanism the farmers have chosen the hideaway to own real demandwish. How to solve these difficult problems? The article expresses its own ideas, also summarizes other country's experience that is worth profiting from. The fourth part has carried on the comparative analysis to the countryside public demands, proving the regional disparity and the individual difference exist-. Through the questionnaire survey and the document analysis, it attempts to establish and consummate the countryside public demand expression mechanism. The fifth part analyses how to make the supplies meet to the demands, in the process there are many puzzles and the realistic difficult problems. The sixth part is the part for the conclusion, summarizing full text at the same time putting forward some policy proposals.