Studies On The Housing Policy In The Process Of Urbanization Of Our Country

The main characteristic of the urbanization is that both absolute number and relative number of urban population are increasing accordingly. Because of the development of the urbanization, urban population and industry are highly centralized, which means the great demand of both urban land and housing, and hence promoting the constant rise of price of land and housing, which has far exceeded the ability to bear of residents with low and medium-level incomes, having caused the payment difficulty of the low and medium-income household in large quantities, thus has formed a great problem in urbanization process ---Urban housing problem. " Everybody enjoys the suitable house " is a kind of social right for the entire people in the world, however, there has existed a wider gap between the solvency of a large number of residents with low and medium-level incomes of city. So the countries all over the world offer help in solving the housing problem of residents with low and medium-level incomes in varying degrees without exception, and the government has born the important society and financial responsibility in solving the housing problem of low-income group. Our country is in urbanization and accelerated period, and residents of low and medium-income group have remarkable housing problem in the city. So, during quite a long period in the future, when our country makes the housing policy, it is still primary problem that our government should try its best to solve the housing problem and improve the living conditions of urban residents. The thesis has made a comprehensive research and explore on this brand-new subject of policy of the housing in the urbanization process by applying many kinds of discipline theory, such as regional economics, urban economics, housing economics, etc. First of all, proceeded with basic theoretical questions, such as urbanization, housing problem, etc…Using M--H model to analyse the urbanization course: With a lot of industries having large-scale production, a large amount of people, financial resources, and material resources assemble in a place to produce in a large scale in order to obtain the large-scale production effect, and it is very apt to form the gathering of the industry. Meanwhile, in order to economize transportation fares, the workforce will live in the production site as much as possible too, which will cause the concentration of population. Industrial agglomeration can bring about agglomerated effect, which will make more activity in production gather to the district. It is the urbanization process that the industries, population are gathering in a place constantly. On the basis of that, the conclusion can be drawn that urbanization and housing are just like twins, and that different urbanization process stages demonstrate different housing problems, and that the housing problem of accelerating stage of urbanization is most serious. Meanwhile, this thesis analyses public housing policy of current situation, domestic and international, and defines that the public housing policy in the process of urbanization of our country is major issue. Either urbanization or solving housing problem of developed or more developed market economy country or area in the world is ahead of us, and they have been explored out a system of housing policy, which is in accordance with this country or area characteristic, it is proven to be effecive. Through studying the advanced experience of other countries or the area, it can help to perfect the housing policy of our country, solve the housing problem properly, thus promoting the rapid and sound development of urbanization of our country, Through carrying on comparative analysis on the housing policy of the advanced countries or the areas, some enlightenment can be drawn: Both the housing-offered subsidy and the housing developer's subsidy can not only cause the excessive housing consumption and the greater meaningless losses, but also intervene the housing market artificially and cause the unfair competition of the housing market and isolate the integration of market system. Subsidizing consumers have obvious advantages : Resident welfare can be maximized and it accords with fair, efficient principle of market , and is beneficial to housing market or even whole sound development of market. So, the housing consumption subsidy, namely " the people subsidy " should be the developing direction of the housing policy of our country; The government plays a leading role in solving the low and medium-income household housing problem; The complete legal system of housing can promote implementation of the public housing policy, etc…Through analysing carefully the housing supply and demand situation and the gradual progress state of housing policy of urbanization in China, we can come to the conclusion that the housing policy reform of our country has made remarkable achievements: The housing socializing and commercialization are steadily moven forward, the new system of urban house of adapting to the socialist market economy system and national conditions of our country is setting up progressively; The construction of house is accelerating, which impels the house industry to become a new growth engine;The housing-direct distribution has stopped basically, the housing monetary distribution is implemented progressively; The multi-level urban housing supply system that relys mainly on the economic and suitable housing has been set up;The housing finance has been developed, the trade market of the housing has been fostered and standardized. But some questions have appeared in the course in the housing policy, To solve the housing problem in the urbanization process of our country, this thesis mainly analyses especially about the policy of economic and suitable of low-rented housing policy, Combined with the actual conditions of the urbanization of our country, and drawing on the experience of the advanced countries or the areas, the thesis puts forward the basic frame of perfecting the housing policy of our country.