The Study Of Non-Agricultural Compensation Mechanism Of Rural Human Capital

Human capital is the decisive factors of economic growth and development. Agricultural technological progress and innovation, industrialization and industrialization of agriculture, etc. must all depend on the science and technology and knowledge; depend on talents, so the growth and development of the rural economy of our country will depend on the stock of human capital within the countryside mainly. But in the course of industrialization and urbanization, human capital which is formed through the investment of countryside mostly flow into the non-agricultural department, the non-agricultural phenomenon of the rural human capital is serious, which influences the accumulation of human capital in rural area, restricts the development of the rural economy. This paper is with the title of "the non-agricultural compensation mechanism of rural human capital". It introduces the current situation and the cause of brain drain in rural area. A models is used to analyze the characters of human capital effects in countryside and urban. Finally, the paper structures rural human capital non-agricultural compensation mechanism. Chapter one briefly introduces the background, goal and meaning of topic selection. Then it summarizes the research dynamic status of domestic and international theory, and gives remarks. It also confirms the method of the research, and offers the possible innovation of this paper. Chapter two explains the basic conception and theory of human capital. The human capital condenses the knowledge, skill and ability shown on laborer. As a kind of capital shape, the human capital has high utility, the complexity of the relations between ownership and management of enterprises, such uniqueness as the instability that utility gives play to, etc.. It is formed through the investment to education, training, human, health care, etc. The human capital is significant to the development of the rural economy. Chapter three analyses current the situation and the cause of brain drain in rural area. The reasons for that rural human capital flows into in city have in many aspects, such as promotion effect of human capital investment, the thrust of the countryside and pulling force of the city; the paper analyses the individual non-agricultural behavior in terms of economics, Chapter four discusses the reason for why the non-agricultural compensation mechanism should be structured. It uses a model to analyze the character of human capital's spilling-over effects in urban and rural areas. And then make a concrete analysis of the impact on economic development that is made by non-agriculturalization. The rural human capital flows into the city, on one hand, the city has got talents free, the supplementary urban workforce's deficiency, lowering the urban labor cost, raising the urban labor productivity, have made enormous contribution for urban economy development; on the other hand, the loss of rural human capital bring the negative effects to rural economy, such as the accumulation of rural human capital, the surplus rural labor force's transformation, progress and popularization of science and technology etc.. Chapter five structures the non-agricultural compensation mechanism of rural human capital. To rural human capital non-agricultural question, it is necessary to compensate to the loss of human capital investment in rural areas, so it puts forward to some compensation methods to bear rural human capital cost of investment rationally through state revenue, including educational transfer payment, compensation between areas, credit compensation, intelligence compensation. Chapter six puts forward to the policy and suggestion solving the non-agricultural problem of the rural human capital. Those are innovative farmland system, social security system of setting up, carrying on rural human protection and development of capital, etc. They can strengthen the ability that the rural area attracts talents, promote the stock of the rural human capital, and stop the brain drain in rural areas.