Research On Design Of Wireless Communication System For Digital Management Of Dairy Farms

In the dairy farming industry, the real-time data acquisition of parameters that contain individual information of dairy cattle, temperature and humidity and ammonia level of cowshed has great significance, which is interesting for enhancing economic efficiency and strengthening management for dairy farms. In China, it is difficult to obtain the complete information of dairy cattle or cowshed by the administrator's observation for most small dairy farms, i.e., real-time monitor is difficult to come true for dairy farms. Thus, the optimum period of treatment is often missed, and then it makes economic benefits of dairy farmers decreased evidently. Wireless sensor network that is composed of a large number of micro sensor nodes can realize the real-time monitor, data collection and data treatment of monitor object, moreover can be self-organized coordination and communication. Compared with the traditional wire or wireless monitor system, wireless sensor network has the advantage of larger monitoring range, easier installation and lower cost of maintenance and upgrade, etc. Wireless sensor network is very suitable for dairy farms communication system, in which the sensor nodes often change position or even separate from the fixed monitoring sites because of dairy cattle's moving.In this paper, according to practical situation of the dairy farms, a general scheme of digital management communication system of dairy farms is put forward, which use the advantage of wireless sensor network and base on the analyzing of features and performance requirements of all various wireless sensor network nodes deeply. Hardware nodes of dairy farms'wireless sensor network are designed and corresponding software is developed. Communication protocol stack of dairy farms'wireless sensor network is further studied by applying the cross-layer design technology. The main contents of the dissertation are listed as follows:1) According to the actual situation of the dairy farms and the deeper analysis of the system structure and sensor nodes of wireless sensor network, network planning and global function of dairy farms'wireless sensor network are determined.2)According to the general scheme of network, function requirement of network is analyzed deeply. Thereby, the working frequency of wireless communication system and the hardware chips are decided. Universal module of dairy farms wireless communication system is developed. According to the different functions, the hardware platform of sensor node, head node and sink node and corresponding software are developed.3)This paper study and compare the typical communication protocol of wireless sensor network, then the cross-layer protocol stack design scheme of dynamic network is put forward, which based on cross-layer design of the relative fixed position network. In order to verify the reliability of this protocol, the scheme is applied to the design of dairy farms'wireless sensor network nodes.4)The scheme of installation and deployment is put forward by the analysis of influencing factors. Finally, the system is validated with laboratorial tests and field tests. The result shows that this system can be used in the communication system design of dairy farms'digital management.