The Research Of Cognitive Friction In Desktop Virtual Experiment

Under the guide of"technology oriented"product design viewpoint, the designer think of himself as a user and pursuit function and structure design of products, however, they lack the analysis of user's behavior, psychological and emotional demand. It is difficult for users to understand designer's intent by the system representation; likewise, it is difficult to successfully master the operation to achieve the expected results. Users and designers understand the product with cognition gap, the kind of phenomenon that users don't understand well for the product as far as using it with difficulty and so on was called"cognition friction"by Cooper.There is much more cognition friction based on software's product comparing to other products, the existence of cognition friction make the product become difficult to use and the user can achieve the anticipated goal by no means. Designers attributed the existence of cognition friction to the lacking corresponding skills of users, however, it is actually caused by unreasonable design of software. There is inevitably cognition friction in desktop virtual experiment system based on software development.According to the different cause, the cognitive friction in virtual experiment was divided into three types: external, internal and related. On the basis of corresponding theoretical research, the strategies were proposed to solve the cognition friction in virtual experiment. The paper structure and details of chapters were shown as follows: In the first part, it primarily introduced the background of selected topic of the article, on the basis of analyzing the status of domestic virtual experiment, I determined to carry out research on the cognition friction existed in desktop virtual experiment from students' perspective. and described the research contents and methods of this paper.In the second part, analyze the design of virtual experiment considering learning theory of meaningful learning and cognitive psychology. Desktop virtual experiment should be designed to prompt the meaningful learning, to prompt learner's cognitive activities, to guide learners to construct knowledge and to study on the basis of understanding, rather than to make students doing meaningless operation and to contact some facts incompatible with each other. The existence of cognitive friction increased resistance for learners in using virtual experiment. It increased the learner's cognitive resources in working memories, and thus increased learner's cognitive load. Cognitive friction can be attributed to the external appearance of cognitive load. Analyze learner's emotional experience according to the cognitive information theory of Siminov and control cognitive friction effectively from the point of meeting emotional needs of learner. Finally, analyze learner's dominant position from the philosophical view of subjective and objective theory, increase learner's learning experience and achieve the purpose of weakening cognitive friction.In the third part, it first analyzes the characteristic of desktop virtual experiment to understand the application of virtual experiment in teaching and the association with cognition fiction. Then analyzes the development status of domestic virtual experiment was carried out from two aspects on case studies and investigation of learner's experiences. The current lack of virtual experiment and learner's difficulties in using the system were also displayed. According to the difference of resistance, the cognitive friction in virtual experiment was divided into three types: external, internal and related. The effect of three types of cognitive friction on learners of virtual experiment was researched. Finally, the reason for the existence of cognitive friction in virtual experiment was expounded respect from learners, teaching staffs, laboratory courses and human interaction.In the fourth part, on the basis of the relevant theory and three different types of cognitive friction, design strategy which is operable and effective on the control of cognitive friction in virtual experiment is developed: the principle of necessity, the principle of ease of use, the principle of guide thinking and maintain motivation, the principle of virtual experiment affective, the principle of reducing limited dominant position of students and awareness of dislocation, the principle of focusing on students in the community. Conducted a case study combined with the virtual laboratory produced by Dalian institute of Technology in accordance with these principles. Cognitive friction is just like the friction in the physical world - a small presence is not necessarily a bad thing. But with the increase of friction, side effects grow exponentially. Finally, the presence of cognitive friction was dialectical thinking.In the fifth part, this section summarized the research of cognitive friction in desktop virtual experiment and pointed out the existing inadequacies of this paper which set the direction for the follow-up study.