The Research On Wireless Sensor Network Topology Control Algorithm

With the rapid development of semiconductor technology, micro-system technology, communications technology and computer technology, the wireless sensor network technology comes first in the Unite States 1990s. After that, some related research about wireless sensor network is started orderly. Wireless sensor network is composed of large number of tiny sensor nodes which usually carry the batteries with very limited energy to supply power. The battery power is the most valuable resource of each node in wireless sensor network. Because the battery power of sensor node is very limited, and difficult to replace. So the important principle of the design is how efficient use of energy and the continuous supply of energy to maximize the network's life cycle. For self-organizing wireless sensor networks, the topology plays a great impact on network performance. Good topology can improve the efficiency of routing protocol and MAC protocol. Besides, another important goal of topology is to make full use of the network's energy and to extend the network's life time in the case of ensuring network connectivity and coverage. The main contents of this paper is to around the efficient use of network's energy, and as long as possible to extend the network's life time on the base of topology control.This paper analyzes and researches the algorithms about power control and hierarchical topology control. Directing the characteristic of wireless sensor networks, in the stage of cluster head election, we consider the residual energy of sensor nodes. We pull in solar nodes on the base of centralized leach algorithm and distributed leach algorithm, and adopt simple heuristic. With such energy nodes process data, transport data and implement other tasks without consuming battery's own energy. Simulation results show that, the algorithm can make nodes more frequently as the cluster head which are driven by solar energy to complete energy-intensive tasks. It saves their own battery power, and ensures a continuous supply of energy that helps prolong the survival time of sensor nodes, further prolongs the life cycle of the entire network.