Clustering Algorithm For Circular Wireless Sensor Network

With the development of Micro-Electromechanical Systems, Wireless Communication and Computer technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is proposed. As one of the most important emerging technologies, WSN has a wildly application foreground in the fields of military, environmental monitoring, medical aid and commercial, which has aroused great interest in academia and industry.Because of the large numbers and low cost, the sensor nodes are distributed wildly in network, and their limited energy is provided by the battery. Therefore, making full use of the energy is the prime aim in designing WSN. The energy of the sensor node can be saved by designing a suitable routing protocol used in WSN and improving its algorithm's performance to reduce the calculated amount and communication traffic. Consequently, the lifetime of WSN will be prolonged.In this paper, firstly, WSN technology is introduced briefly, including the structure of WSN and its features. Secondly, the routing protocols for WSN are classified and analyzed. Thirdly, the LEACH is chosen as the target of research. Its designing way and purpose will be achieved after the analysis of its advantages and disadvantages. Finally, a new WSN protocol which is used in much bigger network is proposed.Meanwhile, a ring-based network model is built. In this model, the monitoring area of WSN is divided into some concentric circles, and the cluster-heads in the first ring is calculated by minimizing the consumption of the energy of sensor nodes. In order to solve "the hot area problem" caused by more than one networks, the optimal number of cluster-heads in different ring is calculated by balancing its energy consumption. In the aspect of choosing proper cluster-head, it is determined by two factors. One is the energy of the node; the other is the number of node involved in the management. The simulation shows that the new protocol is much more effective in saving the energy of the network and guaranteeing the communication. Therefore, the lifetime of network is prolonged. In the end, the thesis concludes all the work, and gives a prospect of the future work.