Research On Maximal Lifetime Routing In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisted of a large amount of sensor nodes, all of these nodes form a network by self-organization. It combines sensor technology, wireless communication technology and distributed computing technology. It has a very wide application prospect in industrial production, environmental monitoring and military field. Routing protocol is a very important research field in WSN, because good routing protocol can make use of the energy efficiently and optimize the network structure to prolong the lifetime of the network.This thesis puts forward a distributed spanning tree protocol MLT for accurate data collection in wireless sensor network. MLT is based on a minimum power spanning tree, it gathers the size of nodes’residual energy in the process of collecting data to identify bottleneck and compares with the threshold stored in the sink. Simulation shows that a reasonable threshold is effective to avoid additional energy consumption caused by the tree structure’s frequently changing and can prolong the network lifetime effectively. Then we improve the MLT protocol, which makes the threshold dynamically according to the scenario in WSN and thus the structure of WSN becomes more reasonable.Then the thesis introduces a routing protocol MLT-BC for WSN’s inexact data collection. It divides the network structure into2layers, in which the higher one uses tree and the lower one uses cluster. MLT-BC can optimize the tree structure and change the head of cluster dynamically. It makes the network load balance effectively. The simulation shows that MLT-BC has a good performance and can prolong the lifetime of network greatly.