Research On Routing Protocols Of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new kind of technology which had been developed in the last few years. WSN is a multi-hop network of self-organization system which is composed by a large number of low-cost micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitored region. It was used to collaborate perception, collection and processing the information of object in the region covered by the network, then send the information to observers. WSN is far different from general wireless network in terms of the characteristics of network, communication mode and needs of data transmission, reflected in the specific: the constrained energy of wireless terminals, the data-centric means of communication, similarity of neighboring nodes data, specific application and topology frequent changes. According to these characteristics, it is necessary to design a reasonable routing protocol based on specific application in order to enhance the energy-saving, robustness, scalability, security of the WSN.Some routing protocols designed by foreign researchers for the WSN are particularly described in this paper, such as flooding, DD, LEACH. The comparison and analysis in different aspects of these protocols are also given in this paper. Design a routing protocol for WSN of building security and alarm system. The protocol is composed by two parts, one part is routing protocol of current floor, and the other part is routing protocol between cluster nodes. Routing protocol of current floor is a kind of plane routing protocol, it was proposed based on the combination of flooding, DD, TEEN routing algorithm. The cluster node is the center of current floor sensor network, and the nodes maintaining the entire network of the building. Cluster nodes of each floor and centralize nodes composed the entire chain network. The two parts of the routing protocol are particularly described in this paper, including the basic idea, the format of data and the program flow of nodes.By using radio frequency chips and MCU design a kind of network nodes, these nodes can be used as any kind of nodes in routing protocols, such as sensor nodes, cluster head nodes and sink nodes. A small WSN for building security and alarm system is made up of several such nodes, then testing the routing protocol based on the WSN as hardware platform.