A State-based Hybrid Routing Protocol For Mobile Nodes In Wireless Sensor Networks

With the development in mobile Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), it has become very essential to focus on the efficiency in performance of small sensing nodes operating in WSN. While designing a routing protocol for mobile sensor nodes, the quality parameters like end-to-end delays and routing overhead are always considered. Moreover, the nodes in wirelessly connected mobile networks consume considerable power on routing more than other functionalities. Any modification in a standard routing protocol can also affect routing overhead, end-to-end delays, and energy consumption of nodes. In this paper a new hybrid routing protocol, named as state-based hybrid routing protocol.First of all,we introduced the basic techniques and principles of wireless sensor network(WSN), the features and basic classification compared to traditional network on routing protocols.Second of all,the new hybrid routing protocol is introduced which is based on Dynamic Source Routing(DSR) and Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR) protocols.The new hybrid routing protocol combines both the reactive and proactive routing protocols to reduce the overhead on most of the nodes and increases network performance by reducing the load of network discovery flooding on active nodes.Thirdly,this protocol divides the network nodes into three categories:(a) aware and active nodes known as black node,(b) aware but not performing data transfer except data forwarding which are called gray nodes, and(c) white nodes which are idle and do not keep any routing information. Moreover the new hybrid routing protocol utilizes the statistics of usage of a node. If a node is continuously nonactive, it is kept idle and can be revoked by either forwarding packet or its own functionality. An active node periodically detects its neighbors to update the route information. Like Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR) links and neighbors are sensed by generating a HELLO message periodically. The idle nodes do not respond to the HELLO messages in order to reduce the consumption of their limited resources. This protocol is highly influenced by Dynamic Source Routing(DSR) protocol for route discovery procedure and somehow in route maintenance. Route is maintained primarily proactively by adopting some rudiments of OLSR protocol.Last of all,the work concludes that the proposed protocol gives improvements in some quality of service metrics like lower delay than DSR, lower routing overhead than OLSR, and lesser energy consumption by the network nodes.