Research On LEACH Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), crossed by many subjects, is the advanced research hotspot field of recent international attention. The Wireless Sensor Networks, which include the sensor technology, embedded technology, wireless network communication technology, distributed information process technology, is able to real-time monitor, apperceive and collect the information of environment or monitor object. The information is processed by embedded system and sent to terminal user via random autonomous wireless communication network with the multi-hop relay manager. It is being widely used in commercial and military fields. Both academia and industries have shown great interests in Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Sensor Network has been intituled one of the best perspective technology in the 21st century.The number of sensor nodes in WSN is numerous and a single node is extraordinarily limited in resources, so the important aim of designing routing protocol of WSN is to reduce the overall energy-dissipated in the networks and to maximize the lifetime of networks. We analyzed and compared some routing protocols, and select LEACH to be the research target as the representative of the cluster-based routing protocols. We bring forward some improvements to the LEACH protocol based on analyzing the shortages of it. The former LEACH algorithm for adapting clusters and rotating cluster head positions. In every round, the cluster heads are determined randomly. The improved LEACH periodically selects cluster heads according to their residual energy, and increase the criterion of becoming cluster head. Also, the improved LEACH makes the distance between one cluster head and another cluster head heighten a value, and insure the distribute of cluster heads uniform. The simulation of the improved LEACH is carried out on NS-2. By analyzing and comparing the simulation results, it is shown that it can increase the lifetime of network effectively.