Research On Line Carrier AMRS Routing Technology In Low-Voltage Distribution Network

Automatic Meter Reading System (AMRS) is an intelligentized management system that needs nobody to read the electric energy consumer used at the scene. AMRS is design for electric power department to enhance the management of electric energy, improve the benefit of electric power supplement and adapt itself to the needs of market economy. But the distribution network has the characters of high time-varying, high attenuation and high noise, so meter reading system between the points can not fully realize direct communication. There must be routing relay. The purpose of this paper is to design several feasible routing algorithms for AMRS and the routing protocol following the specific frame format.Firstly, this paper studies the basic working principle of predictive p-persistent CSMA. The CSMA can determine sending time slot according to the predictive flow of data channel. Then it analyzes the basic principles of Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) and Flooding routing algorithm. ACA is a kind of heuristic stochastic optimization algorithm that has excellent performance. It adapts the positive feedback mechanism to realize the global optimization of distribution network. The basic idea of flooding is that when a node receives a non-duplication broadcasting message, the message will forward to all adjacent network nodes at once. Finally it studies two on-demand routing algorithms used in Ad Hoc: Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector protocol (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing protocol (DSR).Secondly, this paper presents the detail project and the frame format of ACA used in AMRS. Next this paper simulates and tests AODV and DSR used for Ad Hoc based on Network Simulator 2 (NS2). This is a communication model of 13 fixed-nodes that makes one node to transmit routing instructions to the others in order to test the searching mode and the searching result of the two routing methods in the environment of AMRS, and then give the specific design project of the flooding routing protocol used in AMRS.Finally the paper gives the specific project of system protocol. The project of system design is based on the fixed frame structure given by the power line communication (PLC) modem chip of LME2200C. The chip uses the multi-carrier modulation and demodulation technique that is target to the poor power line channel conditions. The frames consist of upstream frames and downstream frames. Upstream frames include organizing net orders based on ACA, reading data of a lost node orders, finding lost nodes orders, broadcasting test orders, setup network address orders, indirect PLC orders, flooding orders and so on. The downstream frame is used to alarm as soon as the cover of electric meter table is opened.