Research On The Performance Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks is a new developing technology and it interests many people. It has many good features: flexibility,wide coverage and low cost. Wireless sensor networks can be applied in many application fields: medical, environment survey, battle field and smart home. But there are still some challenges in the network design: limited energy, fragile etc. In this paper, three facets are studied for wireless sensor networks: routing algorithm, topology control and data reliability algorithm.Routing protocol is very important to the performance of the WSN. In this paper, a new routing scheme: Central Vector Routing (CVR) algorithm is proposed. This routing algorithm inherits form Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol. In this algorithm, the central vector can direct the RREQ packet to find the sink node in the shortest way without affecting too much nodes. Simulation results prove that CVR is more efficient than AODV. It can save more energy and prolong the network life time.In water monitoring scenario, sensor nodes are densely deployed to work together. When an environment event is detected, several sensor nodes will send report packets to the sink node at the same time. Duplicate data reports will be sent to the sink node. Moreover, some sensor nodes may be faulty and give incorrect data. In order to reduce network overload and check the data reliability before sending report message to the sink node, a static cluster based topology control method is proposed for WSN. There are four nodes in one cluster to monitor the same water region. When they detect environment events, their reading data will be sent to the head node in the cluster. The head node will analyze these data using data reliability algorithm, and then it sends the result to the sink node. This topology control method can reduce routing overhead and the data reliability algorithm can be implemented in the cluster head node.Several data reliability algorithms are studied in the paper. Based on these algorithms, one algorithm is proposed to check out the faulty sensor. The sensor node's data is compared with its neighbors' data to check its reliability. The algorithm is combined with cluster topology control and CVR algorithm. Simulation results prove that this algorithm can improve the data reliability of WSN.With CVR algorithm, cluster topology control and the data reliability algorithm, wireless sensor networks can work more efficiently and accurately.