| H.264 video coding standard is formally published by JVT(Joint Video Team) in March 2003. This standard is designed to give a solution for a various applications, such as very low bit rate video communication with high error rate, and high bit rate entertainment quality broadcast, interactive video-on-demand services etc. Therefore it is concerned growingly by the industry. In order to achieve higher compression ratio, the H.264 standard adopts many new coding skills as followed: multiple reference picture, variable block-size motion estimation, short word-length integer transform, context adaptive entropy coding. While achieving high compression ratio with these new skills, the complexity of the codec is also greatly increased. Aiming at this problem, this paper researches the motion estimation algorithm and motion compensation algorithm used in the coders and decoders.Firstly, the general principles of video coding are introduced. Then, the already developed H.26x series and MPEG series standards are recalled and compared. And the rate distortion optimization and its application in video coding are discussed subsequently. After that, this paper proposed two new fast motion estimation algorithms based on the previously developed methods. The first one is a multimode motion estimation based on block summation algorithm. And the other one is multimode motion estimation based on the successive elimination algorithm. Both of these algorithms use rate distortion optimization guidelines and increase the estimation process a lot without any quality decrease. At last, another motion compensation algorithm used in the decoding process is proposed. With this algorithm, the motion compensation module in a hardware design can be simplified. |
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