Research And Implementation Of Multi-path Routing Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Hierarchical Structure

As a new technique of implementing Ubiquitous Computing, Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) which is a new technical method of data collection can be used in many aspects in the coming future. However, several technologies related to WSNs are still in investigation, such as security and reliability of transmission, network routing protocol, energy management, etc. Only if these issues can be solved successfully and effectively, WSNs will really be used in a wide range of applications in the military, health, commerce, education, environment, etc. And its potential and great value can be developed and transformed into productivity. Therefore, it is more meaningful to make scientific researches on WSNs. In this paper, mainly focusing on data reliable transmission by multi-path in WSNs, some researches are made. The main work is presented as follow:First, WSNs' inherent characteristics are firstly described, which are different from traditional wireless networks. And we analyze some design challenge for routing protocol in WSNs. Then, based on a classification of routing protocols and data reliable transmission methods, a comprehensive survey about advantage, disadvantage and performance issues of them is done, that establish infrastructure for design nice behavior routing strategy.Second, in order to postpone WSNs lifetime and enhance energy efficiency, we present a method to build the hierarchical structure for WSNs in this paper. Not only the ID value of sensor nodes and also the nodes' residual energy can be considered, the node with most residual energy become the cluster head by this method, so this method can get reasonable results.Third, from the point of view of the multi-path routing algorithm which can better enhance data transmission reliability in WSNs and on the basis of drawing on the thinking of AODV algorithm, a multi-path routing algorithm based on hierarchical structure is presented. This algorithm establishs multiple paths which are node-disjoint between Source and Sink, excludes the correlation of paths, improves the reliability of paths and data transmission. Establishing paths on the basis of hierarchical structure can balance energy consumption of WSNs, meet with the requirement of energy efficiency in WSNs, postpone WSNs lifetime.Fourth, we simulate the multi-path routing algorithm in TOSSIM, which is one of simulation tools for WSNs. We develop the modules of hierarchical topology structure and multi-path establishing. From the point of view of energy effectiveness and transmission reliability in WSNs, through comparison and analyze among other methods detailed in network lifetime, data packet number in Sink, routing algorithm cost, and we prove the effectiveness and validity of our method.