A Research On The Structure Of OD Matrices Of Public Transport Intelligent Card Data

Public transport is one of the most important ways to solve the problem of urban transport since it carries most of the passengers with limited road resources and urban space.Up to the end of 2006, there were 149 operating lines with a total length of 2701.3 kilometers in Jinan. Carrying capacity reaches 1.78 million person-times everyday, which comparatively fulfilled the task of urban passenger transportation. However, there still exist some problems such as limited resources of transportation and that passengers' waiting overtime.Data on residents' transit trip is of basic significance in the urban public transport plan and operating dispatching. In order to make an utmost use of resources at present, it is necessary for the urban public transport enterprises to obtain a timely and accurate knowledge of residents' temporal and spatial demand for public transport system.Public transport OD matrices can make a detailed feedback on information about passengers' origin stations, departure time, destination, arrival time, trip lines, purposes and transfer, etc. This shows that OD matrices is a kind of basic data that reflects passengers' demand. Thus, OD matrices is fundamental in public transportation dispatching and optimizing public transportation network.OD matrices is usually displayed in a two-dimensional form. So, it is also called OD form. 0 stands for the word "origin" referring to departure time, and D for "destination". OD matrices can provide data for optimizing public transport network for the reason that it can tell the rule of passengers' distribution on the network. It can also show passengers' average riding distance and average travel time, which can build conversion between residents trips and vehicle flows. This is an important reference for public transportation departments to make plans on lines and dispatching buses.At present, direct survey is most often employed in collecting data on residents' transit trips. Data collected at stop or on vehicle is time-consuming, less accurate and usually cost much. However, OD matrices can provide more methods.This paper proposes to build a transfer model on the rule of passengers' trips. With this, data collected from IC (Intelligent Card) everyday can be processed. Accordingly, public transport OD matrices can be obtained that reflects residents demand. This method possesses such advantages as less time, more accurate and less cost.Today, in China, IC has been put into wide use in public transport system. It is great realistic significance to reckon information on residents' transit trips such as OD matrices and transfer times.