A Real-time Realization Of Airborne SAR DPCA

This dissertation is based on a project of Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS). Study is carried out on the development of high-speed signal processing boards based on the airborne two-channel Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA).First, the history and development of GMTI is briefly reviewed, the principles of multi-channel algorithm including DPCA, ATI, STAP arc provided and compared in the aspects of complexity of hardware in practical engineering applications and the performance of each method. An airborne two-channel DPCA scheme is proposed, and the steps including preprocessing, range compression, CTM and CFAR are discussed in detail.A range direction preprocessing board based on XILINX Virtex2 series FPGAs and a MTI processing board based on FPGA and AD TS101s are successfully developed. The principles of each board, the approach of realization, real-time requirements, power consumption, methods of program optimization and debugging techniques are studied in detail.The dissertation focuses on the design of the key component of preprocessing system -FIR filter, investigated the considerations of the parameter selection; principles of Parallel Distributed Arithmetic (PDA) based on Look-Up Table (LUT); the design of multi-mode preprocessing system; comparisons with other scheme; the hardware structure to implement DPCA and software design flow; DSP link program based on ISA bus; methods to reduce the power consumption and improve the reliability of the system. The boards have the advantage of powerful processing capacity, compact structure and high efficiency. The design methods are generic and can be applied to other hardware systems.Lastly the deficiencies of the dissertation and the future work are listed. At present the research of GMTI in practical engineering need to be strengthened in China, and wish the work in this paper will benefit the future design of SAR/GMTI system.