| Hydrocarbon-charging physical simulation experiment under the tectonic deformation is a key method of studying geology tectonic characteristics, formation and evolution and the dynamic mechanism as well as forming hydrocarbon and reservoiring mechanism under the restriction of tectonic activities which has guiding significance for oil and gas resources exploration. At present, experiments of structural modeling has been widely applied to the structural geology and the petroleum structural geology research as well as the petroleum prospecting research, and it is an effective way which the oil gas exploration research strides in semi-quantitative analysis and even the quantitative analysis from the qualitative description. The main content of this article is to study and design a set of experiment devices in the direction of oil and gas exploration, which can simulate oil and gas migration situation under different geological fault bodies and develop the measurement and control system which has the corresponding function.The tectophysics simulating experiment apparatus is an integrated electromechanical system used for geologic modeling experiment. On the basis of analyzing the main geological structure phenomenon and origin, this thesis summarizes the stressing and distorting rule of geologic body from aspect of dynamics and kinesiology, and brings up the requisite basic functions of mechanics loading unit of the experiment apparatus. In addition, the concept design of the system is carried out ,the control function of apparatus are confirmed according to the similarity principles, employing machinery, electronic and automatic control technology, completing the profile design and structure design of each function unit. Through the control of experimental device servo drive and the dynamic loading unit, can realize the precise control of displacement as well as speed, which leads the experiment to semi-quantitative level and quantitative level from qualitative level, and extends the experimental simulating field of geologist largely.According to the function realized by experiment apparatus mechanical loading unit, the thesis carry out the overall design plan of the electrical control system in detail, including the key technologies of the system. The distributed motion control system based on programmable controller is developed on the principle of optimization and combination. The electrical system adopts dispersed control as well as concentrated management, which not only adapts with experiment apparatus modularized system but assure the reliability and stability of system. The design achieves the aim of easy operation, convenient maintenance, easy expansion and easy update.The practical operation of the control system developed by this thesis shows that, this apparatus can recover the structure simulations under different stress conditions such as pull apart, extrusion, shear and arch lift and the structure simulation under combined stressing conditions authentically. The apparatus adopts AC servo, which secure the repeatability and reliability of the experiment. Advanced requisition apparatus and algorithms are used to record, treat and analyze the experiment data. Positive research is made for the tectonic deformation quantitative analysis and judgment. |
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