| "Neng Bu + Vp"structure is a format which has concise form and rich meaning, with a particular structure and expressive function, the format always has a very frequency in the modern Chinese.It has caused extensive concern of the academic circles because of the particularity of modal verbs and rhetorical, and abundant research results have been achieved. In this paper, we using the "three planes" theory to describe the "Neng Bu + Vp" format in synchronic level description. Secondly, we always using the concept of cognitive linguistics theory:metaphor and conceptual to explain the formation of modality "Neng",which is in static and dynamic.The syntactic level, "Neng Bu + Vp" format often used with pronouns and adverbs, also the effect of expressive is obvious. In the "Neng Bu + Vp" format,the negative word "Bu" modifies "Vp", "Vp" is commonly refers to the predicate, due to the [initiative] characteristics of "Neng", when "Vp" used as a verb in the format, "V" mostly is a negative verb. By analyse the corpora "Neng Bu + Vp" format we found that the format can serve as sentence syntactic component, and alone, and also single sentence alone into clause in a complex sentence. "Neng Bu + Vp" format can enter declarative sentenc,interrogtive sentence,imperative sentence,and exclamatory sentence, the format is combined with rhetorical and negative sentences, there are still has some interrogative mood. "Neng Bu + Vp" format syntax function is relatively flexible, this is due to the "Vp" and the complexity of rhetorical question.The semantic aspect, both the modal verb "Neng" and semantic "Neng Bu + Vp" format’s features are rich. From said animals to said person’s comprehensive ability, the modal verb "Neng"experienced a long process of grammaticalization,mechanisms such as reasoning, metaphor, and generalization plays an important role in it. In this paper, we choose "Neng" as the modal verb, and from the perspective of semantic is divided into three kinds:epistemic modality,dynamic modalit,deontic modality.In addition,divided in three kinds in semantics aspect such as content domain, domain knowledge domain, and speech act domain, then analyze the different field of "Neng". Use category theory to classify "Neng Bu + Vp" format into negative meaning, interrogtive meaning and imperative meaning, at last analysis and discuss the subject’s choice of person and the nature of "Vp" of the three formats, we found that as the subjectivity of rhetorical and modal verb, the connotation of format "Neng Bu + Vp" is such rich.In terms of pragmatic value, the "Neng Bu + Vp" format has certain pragmatic features and expressive function. We analysis the pragmatic function of the modal verb "Neng". When "Neng Bu + Vp"format as a rhetorical question, we analysis the pragmatic rhetorical value firstly, and it can be divided into negative, induction, remind and polite. For rhetorical and subjectivity of the modal verb, and we will consider the pragmatic functions of "Neng Bu + Vp" Format,which has divided into three ascepts highlight subjective attitude, strengthening the affirmation and tactful tone. Conclusion:the pragmatic function of "Neng Bu + Vp" Tormat is decided by the environment in when using the language. |
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