A Study On The Rural Public Cafeteria In Nanjing During The Period Of People 's Commune

In the1950s and1960s, the people’s commune has swept the Chinese continent, and the public canteens, as the carrier of the supply system of people’s Commune was very prosperous. The rural public canteen in Nanjing had come into its own with the effect of the situation in1958September. The rural public canteen in Nanjing was established in the good vision of free meals firstly. However with the passage of time and practice, it was soon exposed many problems, such as the waste of food and labor force and the intensification of contradictions. The establishment of the rural public canteen has many disadvantages, Nanjing municipal Party committee had followed the directions on the central policy to dissolve the rural public canteen. However, the lushan conference interrupted left-leaning correction and the rural public canteen was forced to restore. Until1960November, The Central Committee issued the twelve indicating to correcting the mistakes in the work, the rural public canteen in Nanjing was disappeared gradually.The rural public canteen had disappeared and the lesson is very profound. It was considered to having the advantages of saving time, manpower and material resources and other aspects, however things go contrary to one’s wishes,not only failed to achieve the intended purpose, but for the majority of the members has brought the inconvenience of life." eating as much as possible" led to food waste; in addition, the canteen has the disadvantage of consumption of low efficiency and corruption, cadres and peasants open the floodgates wide to erosion, reduced farmer originally very limited ration; plus the dining room the system represents the distribution equalitarianism on the collective production enthusiasm lost, so that food yield declined year by year, further exacerbated the shortage of food supplies, which led to more severe famine in1959-1961.