A Study On The Refund Of Rural People 's Commune

In the late 1950 s and the early 1960 s, for the harm of "Great Leap Forward" and the People’s Commune Movement,the central committee of the communist party of China began the Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes.Compensation supplies included farmers’ means of subsistence and means of production, such as land, housing, farm tools, furniture, labor, livestock, poultry etc. The Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes(called Rural Co mpensation work for short) is one of the measures for agricultural adjustment carried out by central committee of the CPC, which after the serious consequences attributed to the "Great Leap Forward" and the People’s Commune Movement.In "Great Leap Forward " and the People’s Commune Movement, all kinds of "Big way" occurred all over the country, such as big steel- making, large-scale building of water conservancy projects, bulk sample industrial. Goods and materials of all kinds of "Big way" allocated from farmers for free, while the People’s Commune system makes this allocation be possible. So the "winds of Communism" blown all over the country, lead to serious consequences. The Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes is a remedial measure for the serious consequences led by the "winds of Communism".This paper is based on archives of Shanghai Archives,analyzes the origin and the process as well as the problems existed of the Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes in Shanghai.To correct the "winds of Communism",The central committee of the communist party of China has issued a series of documents on rural compensation work to make careful deployment of politics.The Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes in Shanghai occurred in the background of The Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes of the whole country. In the "Great Leap Forward" and the People’s Commune Movement, Shanghai rural had blown the "winds of Communism" of allocating farmers’ property. After the second meeting of Zhengzho u by central committee of the CPC in March 1959, Shanghai started to deal with the allocation account.The Compensation work of Shanghai had been basically completed by the end of 1961. O n account of the Urgent Policy Instructions on People’s Commune serving as a link between past and future on the Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes, so this paper divides the Compensation work of Rural People’s Communes in Shanghai into two stages bounded by the Urgent Policy Instructions on People’s Commune.In the Compensation work, there were many problems, especially low discount issue and lack of physical range. The deep reason of these problems comes from the contradiction from the central requirement for the complete compensation work and grassroots cadres co uld do nothing. Hard to satisfy the superior departments and the broad masses of farmers led grassroots cadres present two aspects a more and more worse impression, which became the important reason of the rise of the Socialist Education Movement which mainly aimed at the grassroots cadres soon after.