The Front-end Circuits Design Of Contactless IC Cards

After the fast development in the 1990's, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) has shown her broad application prospect. However the advanced RFID core technology is mastered only by some oversea companies, and the domestic products not only have worse performance, but also cost more. The high cost in turn has been limiting the universal application of the Chinese RFID products. Therefore the designing of a front-end with low power consumption and low cost is the key to the popularization of RFID.This article first analyzed the development situation of RFID, and then discussed the principles of RFID, especially the electromagnetic principles of RFID. Furthermore the article discussed the coding and modulation of Contactless IC Cards.In the third chapter, the structure and functions of Contactless IC Card are introduced. The Contactless IC Card is composed of the front-end, the digital circuits and the memory. The digital circuits are mainly composed of an RISC and the exterior circuits including the shift register, the clock producer, the address decoder and the memory. The structure of RISC is very simple. Therefore its speed is quick. Moreover we can realize complex functions through several basic instructions.In the fourth chapter and the fifth chapter, the article designed the front-end, including the power generating circuits, the clock generating circuits, the modulation/ demodulation circuits, and the voltage comparator. All the circuits were simulated and proved to work correctly. Finally the article designed layout of the front-end.This design uses 0.6μmCMOS technology and design rule of CSMC. After a series of debugging, according to the simulation, the performance of the front-end is superior to some product with its 5.2mW power consumption and 0. 43mm~2 chip area.