A Probe Into The Development Of Chongqing's Private Middle Schools In The Period Of National Government

The private middle schools of Chongqing has been existed in the end of Qing dynasty. The private middle schools of Chongqing just developed after the setup of Republic of China, but our country was caught in the time of the war, so the social background was a mess, In addition, Sichuan Government pay no attention to the education, The private middle schools of Chongqing has no good development during these years. Till to 1927, the national government carried out so many laws referring to the private school that Chongqing's private school developed on right way. The attention of government stimulates the positivity of many educators, and they always study how to improve the teaching quality. To the set up of the People's Republic of China, the private middle schools of Chongqing have been developed. The development of Chongqing's private school had an important influence in the modern middle school of China. Studying and exploring the development of Chongqing's private school, summing up its experience and lesson, not ony help to deepen the research of the study on private schools in the period of National Government, but also contribute to provide some profitable reference for the construction of civilian—run secondary schools. This dissertation consists of 5 parts:The introduction presented the research significance and the present situation and briefly stated the research method.The first part states that in the Earlier period of national government, owing to the stable social, government investigated the quality of the private middle schools of Chongqing, according to the laws and many private middle schools made efforts, the private middle schools of Chongqing was growing with every passing day. It not only embodies the increase in quantity, but also the curriculum, teaching material, school management and so on. The second part analyzed that the private middle schools of Chongqing was on a large scale on the social background that Chongqing was the second capital in the period of Sino-Japanese War, many school moved to Chongqing, many famous educators ran schools positively and the government control and support schools. In this stage, the private middle schools of Chongqing pay much more attention to reforming the economic system, enhancing the teachers'quality, so the teaching quality raised to a higher level which includes the curriculum, teaching material, teaching method, graduating exam and so on. Meanwhile, the school management was being perfected in the teachers'appointment system and students'management.The third part analyzed that in the period of The Sino-Japanese War ended, the education of Chongqing hasn't prosperous any more with lots of teachers and students demobilized. Because the national government put much money to the civil war, many bureaucrats extort money from the people, it leads to the inflating of currency, the life of people was badly off. The private middle schools of Chongqing have to carry out the method of amalgamating the classes, the scale and quality decreased. After the set up of the People's Republic of China, the private middle schools of Chongqing was acquisitioned or closed down one after another.The fourth part contacts with analysis of the effect of setting up the private middle schools and its limitations, gives some historical enlightenment. Its effect mainly manifests that it can be make up for the insignificance of Public secondary school to let more teenagers enter into school and foster the talent to push forward the modernizing procedure of Chongqing and so on. Owing to the influence of unstable social and economy background,there are some limitations as uneven school quality, weak basic survival. Nevertheless, many experiences of the development of Chongqing's private middle schools, for example, financing of the school fund, simplification and highly effective in school management and effective reform in education system are worth learning, these experiences also give us much more Enlightenment. Just as the development of civilian—run secondary schools need the management and support of government, the financing of the school fund is the essential prerequisite; ensuring the teaching quality is the crux.