Studies On The President Responsibility System Under The Leadership Of Party Committee In University And College

Sixty years since the founding of the PRC, the leadership system in China's colleges and universities has evolved from the first president responsibility system into today's president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee. Higher education has achieved a historic leap. Especially in the past three decades of reforming and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements in higher education. In the report of the CPC National Congress, it suggests that in the requirement of scientific governance, democratic governance and the governance according to the law, we should improve the ideological style construction, enhance the leading capability of the leaders, and improve the approaches of leading and execution and the leadership system, and make the leading bodies at all levels into a strong collective leadership which can stick firmly to the Party's theory, line, principles and policies and is good at leading the scientific development. In the requirement of the Party's index, it is important theoretical and practical significance in the development of higher education to study president responsibility system under the leadership of the Party Committee in colleges and universities.The theme analyses the institutions of president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee which is based on the theory of Modern University System, New Institutional Economics theory and Governance theory. The Modern University System is to ensure the realization of the social function of universities and organizational goals following the classic nation of university. It makes rules for university modes and it is system of organization, management, and operation of university. The core substance of the modern university system is to revolve university management systems and operating systems formed by two cornerstones which are called university autonomy and academic freedom. With the dynamic nature of the university of functions and diversity of university management system in different periods, it constantly makes relevant charges according to the needs of society. The New Institutional Economics theory holds that institutional change is a system of substitution, conversion and transaction process and the substitution by the efficient system to the former one. During the process, an effective system provides an innovative mechanism, removes the wrong organizational mechanisms and institutional arrangements, and supplies the"adaptive efficiency"to adjust to external uncertainties for the organization. Governance is one management mechanism aiming at achieving the optimal allocation of resources. It integrates all relevant factors which interact and constraints each other of the system in a new way. It is a way to change the original allocation of resources, improve and enhance organizational forms and regulatory function.Since the foundation of our nation, there are seven periods of the process of the colleges and universities'leadership system, first from the president responsibility system to the accountability institution of the School's Council responsibility system which led by the president under the leadership of the Party Committee. And then it changed in to the system of president division of responsibility under the leadership if the Party Committee, and last formed in to the system model of the president responsibility system under the leadership of the Party Committee in higher education in the state-owned schools. The historical experience shows that the system of president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee can fit into the necessary requirement of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics, which is not only determined by the international situation and the domestic situation, but also by the fundamental task of the higher education schools.There is rich connotation in the system of president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee. Regulation of Basic Organization in Higher Education in the CPC and Law of Higher Education in the PRC are the legal documents of the interpreting"the system president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee". The Party Committee is the top decision-making level of macroscopic and utmost matters, which can determine the school's reform and development and the matters of important lines and policies of teaching, researching and execution in group discussion; president is the legal representative of the school, the top administration in school, which has the responsibility administration, and obligation in drafting the working opinion of the important matters in teaching, researching, administration and execute it after the determination of the Party Committee, and which has the power individually in executing, determining the policies and solving the specific related matters. The system of president responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee is of the leadership which has the China's characteristic, which fits into the basic situation of preliminary stage of China's socialism, and is the important and great measures of improving the Party's leadership of high school. Leadership so far, this is the most advanced and scientific. Its successful experience lies in keeping the stability of high school; providing the system insurance; promoting the development of high school; making the party's self-construction continuously strengthen. The main problems are unbalancing of political rights and executive, unclearly defining between powers and responsibility etcTo uphold and improve the institution of president responsibility under the leadership of the party Committee requires enhance the awareness, for a profound understanding of the necessity of the leadership of the president responsibility. That is the guarantee of upholding the socialism orientation of running a school, the realizing of the scientific decision-making and the supervision interacting, the conducting of academic activities, meanwhile, it requires to grasp the whole conditions and construct the scientific and efficient organizational structure of the leadership of a contemporary university, to improve the institution design and realize the balance between the Party political rights and the president's rights, to uphold the reform and innovation, continuously enhance and improve the Party's leadership to the school's of higher education, to uphold the ruling of law, effectively protect the proper implementation of the leadership's construction of ideological and political, continuously promote the scientific development of the high schools.