A Study On The Surviving Situation And The Human Resource Development Of Rural Women In The Impoverished Mountainous Area In Southern Shaanxi Province

Nowadays, with the rapid development of the economy, China is entering thebrand new time; however, the economic and social development of the westernimpoverished rural mountainous area was still comparatively lower. The gap betweenthe rich and the poor has widened in such aspects: the per capita income; the economicstructure; the production capital and etc. As the social vulnerable group of western ruralsociety, especially the situation and the development of the women in the ruralimpoverished mountainous area were going worsen. In recent years, after a greatnumber of male labor transferred into cities, the proportion of labor became imbalancedin the impoverished rural mountainous area. The rural women in the impoverishedmountainous area became the main body in the process of the development in theimpoverished rural mountainous area. They are already the huge potential humanresource in the rural area. Being the most important resource among all kinds ofresources, the human resource is the prime element to push the economic developmentahead. The process of economic and social development of western countryside in theimpoverished mountainous area was under the development situation of the ruralwomen human resource in the impoverished mountainous area. The development ofwomen human resource was the need of the economic modernization and thesustainable development of western countryside and also the need of the developmentof the rural women in the impoverished mountainous area. The research on the humanresource development of rural impoverished mountainous area is of significantmeanings and theoretical value not only in the process of building the socialistharmonious society but also in the construction of the sustainable socialist newcountryside, whereas the development of women human resource in the impoverishedmountainous area is facing the challenges. Using the theory of sociology and humancapital, this paper probes the situation and the problems which in the process of human resource development of rural women in the impoverished mountainous area from theangle of the social gender research. Moreover, this paper provides the countermeasuresand suggestion on the human resource development of rural women in the impoverishedmountainous area and gives the theoretical support in the construction of the socialistnew countryside of our country.This paper consists of six parts.Being the first part and a chapter of introduction, Chapter One, introduces theobjective and significance about the study on the women human resource developmentof the rural impoverished mountainous area in the southern Shaanxi province at first.Then, it describes the domestic and foreign related research commentary. Last, it showsthe research clues and the research methods of this paper.Chapter Two describes the investigation of S village in the southern Shaanxiprovince, mainly about the surviving situation of rural women and the human resourcedevelopment of rural women in S village, which contains: the natural ecologicalenvironment of S village; the economical and social development level of S village andthe situation of the women human resource development in the S village. Using thesocial statistical methods, it analyses the situation about the age, marriage, income,education, work experience, health and birth and etc that concerning about the ruralwomen in the S village.Chapter Three describes the problems which arising in the process of rural womenhuman resource development in the impoverished mountainous area of S village insouthern Shaanxi province. These problems are as follows: the comparatively higherpoverty rate of rural women; the slim chance of the rural women in the education andthe practical agricultural skills training; the comparatively lower social participation rateof the rural women; the comparatively weak rights and interests construction ability ofrural women; the lag of women labor transference and the backwardness of the healthand the birth consciousness and so on.Chapter Four explains the reasons that restricted the rural women human resourcedevelopment in the impoverished mountainous area. The main reasons are as follows:the hindrance of inferior natural ecological environment of impoverished mountainousarea; the reservation of traditional patriarchy culture in the rural area; the lack of socialsupport system and the effect of traditional gender labor division mode and so on.Chapter Five provides the countermeasures and the suggestion on the human resource development of rural women in the impoverished mountainous area. First,there is some related experience about the women human resource development in therural area abroad. Then, according to the current situation in the rural impoverishedmountainous area suggests that: to construct the harmonious rural development in theaspect of amphoteric relation; to take effective measures on the education and scientificand technological ability of rural women; to enlarge fund to promote the labortransference of rural women; to strengthen the consciousness of taking part in politicalissues and the ability of defense of legal rights; to improve the social status of ruralwomen in the families and marriage; to build the health care center of rural women; toimprove further the human resource development of rural women through strengthenthe international cooperation of the impoverished mountainous area and so on.Being the last part, Chapter Six, a chapter of conclusion, concludes the main ideaof this paper. Meanwhile, it points out that the human resource development of ruralwomen in the impoverished mountainous area is beneficial not only to the rural womenthemselves but also to the harmonious rural development in the aspect of amphotericrelation, even a great promotion to the construction of socialist new countryside. Thewhole society should pay more attentions to the improvement of the surviving situationand the human resource development of the rural women in the impoverishedmountainous area and take actions actively on the development of rural women in theimpoverished mountainous area.