The Study On Tendency Of Vocational Education In China Since Opening Reform Periods

Vocational education has been an important part of national education in our country since the opening reform periods. With its proved value, vocational education functions showed gradually on economy and society. However, compared with the developed countries, there are lots of problems which should be solved urgently in vocational education. The author tries to study the changes on the policy of vocational education since 1978, and the background and features of its policies in the different social periods and its practical situation with the guide of policies as well. Furthermore, the paper analyses the trend of vocational education in order to supply some suggestion about its reform and development.It consists of 4 parts: first, the paper mainly reviews the tendency of policies and characters of vocational education in different periods, which deepens gradually the education reform in our country; then, it analyses the background of the policies in different time since 1978 and points out each policy shows the needs of the refonn and development of vocational education itself and adopts others' advanced experience in the world; third, it reviews the practical situation of vocational education since 1978. It elaborates the great achievements in vocational education like the large scale and enough funds for the schools, etc, and also rethinks the present problems, such as low quality and difficulty in seeking jobs for students, etc. In the author's opinion, the policies play an important role in the developing vocational education.Last but not least, it explores the theory of the policies of vocational education, hi this part, five sections are included: firstly, the localization of policies is considered. The localization becomes the international trend influenced by the global economic development and because of its inadequate development, the theory and policies have been drawing experience from others since the twentieth century, which is also the localization, of course. However, it is the fact that the experience couldn't produce expected results, that is to say, advanced experience should connect our practice and cultural tradition. Secondly, whether policies produced expected results depends largelyon many factors, for example, the availability of policies, people's own quality, who implement the policies, and traditional ideas, etc; thirdly, vocational education is a sub-system belonging to the large social system, and its development and the implementation of policies demands the protection of social system, and also needs co-operation of nation, local governments, labor departments, enterprises and education departments; fourthly, the aim of vocational education is not marketilization but providing professional service and excellent labor for market and society; finally, the nation benefits most from vocational education. According to the principle, "who benefits, who invests", funds needed by vocational education should mainly depends on the government, and the enterprises and individuals should also undertake.Constructing harmonic society requires the harmonic development of the whole Chinese society, and vocational education is the main way by which we can realize the common development of economy, science, education and culture in rural areas in western China, and it also can help set up harmonic society. In a short period, the secondary vocational education will be the major part, but with the economic development, the center will transfer to the higher vocational education.The following are some innovations: the paper analyses in detail the background of each policy of vocational education, and the relation amongst policies, practice and social background. It considers that each policy was born in the connection of the development of our own vocational education and advanced experience from others; it discovers the diverse characters of policies in different periods, and explores the policy research and practice of vocational education in the future; it adopts policy theory and market theory to illus...