The University Teachers And The University Spirit In Middle Ages In Europe

This paper intends to study the characteristics of management, research and teaching, society of teachers in Middle Ages in Europe, and influence on formation of university spirit in Middle Ages that those characteristics of teachers brought. The paper discusses the characteristics of teachers of university in Middle ages from three aspects: the first, due to the influence of autonomy tradition of guild in Middle ages, university teachers gained the right of internal autonomy through establishing teachers' guild, just because of the autonomy right that teachers had, university gained many rights, and formed the liberty spirit on teaching and research of colleges. The second, logos tradition including in ancient Greece-Rome culture which was the source of west civilization, and logos that Scholastic philosophy proposed in Middle ages under its influence, made the university teachers advocate debates and logos trainings, pay attention to experiments and mathematics methods in their teaching and research, and formed the spirit of advocating science on the content of university's research and teaching. The third, there existed the contending of king rights in Middle ages in Europe, because of the special requirements that the university teachers gained the professional qualification, and the strategy of utilizing as well as striving to church, king and local governments in order to gain special rights, status far from politics and social living, and economic independency of mundane teachers, create the condition for the formation of university's independence spirit. In a sense, the teachers of universities in Middle Ages in Europe were direct molders of liberty, science and independent spirit of university.