Resolving Obstacle And Converted Strategy Of Fraction Applied Problem

Instruction of fraction applied problem is the important and difficult point of elementary mathematical instruction. It is the pivotal content which influence the high didactic quality. Fraction applied problem is the mathematical problem that combine fraction knowledge and applied problem, its resolving process is the mathematical thought process of applying fraction knowledge ,and it is the specific application of problem resolving theory in the field of fraction applied problem. As one of the difficult point of teaching and learning compared with the integral applied problem, it is inevitable that the resolving process of fraction applied problem will encounter many difficulties and obstacles because of controlling of high fraction abstract and complicated character. Being aware of the existence of these difficulties and obstacles, knowing their source of producing, different expressional forms and its detrimental influence to mastering mathematical knowledge, are not only necessary premise of selecting scientific instruction method and performing instruction of mathematical knowledge and realizing instruction purpose propitiously, but also one of the basic instruction demands for teachers. By analyzing resolving process of several groups of typical fraction applied problem , this research put the test paper as the start point. The paper point out that there are five obstacles student will encounter in the ' process of fraction applied problem. Those are: (1) obstacle of cognitive level of student; (2)obstacle of black mathematical cognitive structure; (3)obstacle of the problem representation; (4)obstacle of structural character; (5)obstacle of problem resolving strategy. At the same time , the paper provide several effective approaches that is how to move these obstacles. Among these content that is mentioned differentiation and description of five obstacles depend on analysis of result of test paper and my own wide reading of educational psychology and mathematical educational theory. They are the purpose and key point of this paper.