| Fractional word problem is a literal problem that applies fractional knowledge to practical problems.Learning fractional word problems can not only develop students' logical thinking ability to realize the transformation from image thinking to abstract thinking,but also help students apply the knowledge they have learned to real life so as to develop their ability of analyzing and solving problems.However,due to the abstractness of the concept of fractions and the comprehensiveness of word problems,the fractional word problems in primary school have become a "big difficulty" in the process of teachers' teaching and students' learning,and many teachers and students have doubts and difficulties in teaching and learning.This research strives to put forward effective teaching suggestions for the majority of front-line teachers.Due to the concentration of fractional word problems,the author selected the sixth grade students and teachers in the practice school as research objects in this study,and mainly adopted the test method and interview method to investigate the current teaching difficulties and strategies of fractional word problems.Firstly,the author conducted a unified test on the students of 5 classes of grade 6 through the test paper prepared in advance.Based on the analysis of the test results,the problems existing in the current students' problem solving were obtained,and the problems were examined as the result of improper classroom teaching by teachers,and the problems were taken as the real basis of teaching optimization strategies.Secondly,through three interview Outlines,some teachers in practice schools and students who are good at solving problems and who are difficult to solve problems are interviewed respectively,in order to explore the teaching dilemma and effective strategies of current grade word problems in primary schools from the perspectives of teachers and students,and to put forward Suggestions for improving and optimizing teaching on the basis of practice.The results show that students will mainly encounter problems such as problem representation disorder,difficulty in identifying problem structure,lack of solid basic knowledge and skills,and lack of good problem-solving strategies and habits.In the aspect offractional word problem teaching,teachers are too rigid in teaching materials and lack of teaching and research consciousness.Conformism,lack of effective methods to solve the summary;Focus on problem solving,ignore the cultivation of students' reflective habits;Focus on arithmetic,ignore the penetration of mathematical thought and so on.By classifying the current scores among the teaching difficulties integrating,the author found that both from the perspective of teacher's teaching difficulties on and explore the students' learning difficulties,the current difficulties are specific links with the word problem solving with varying degrees of association,especially "the problem of the structure of the master" and "the penetration of mathematical thinking" two aspects.Therefore,the author puts forward Suggestions on teaching optimization of fractional word problems from three different perspectives:From the perspective of routine problem-solving steps,it is suggested that teachers should create problem situations close to students' lives,guide students to transform conditions,analyze quantitative relations,provide students with a variety of problem-solving methods and strategies,and cultivate students' good problem-solving habits.From the point of view of problem structure teaching,it is put forward to simplify to complex and structure teaching.Tracing back to the source,highlighting the basic concept of teaching;special questions,contrast teaching highlights similarities and differences;and transferring and integrating teaching.From the point of view of permeating mathematical thought,it is proposed to make good use of diagrams and combine numbers and shapes.Based on the equation,two optimization strategies are established. |
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