The Study On Urban Adaptability Of The New City Immigration

Since 1750, many countries have gone through the process of industrialization. China, as the representative of developing countries, processed the rapidly developed industrialization since 1970s. Industrialization of economic level brings urbanization of the social level. The most essential content of urbanization is the enhance of population, of which the most important way is that the population transferred from rural areas to urban areas, so, in different periods of urbanization process, came out with immigrations of different scales, features and structures.With the boundary of Reform and Opening which happened in 1980s, China's urbanization can be divided into two periods, one is the peasants transferred to cities with the policy arrangement under the strict urban-rural dual system, and the other one is the free flowing of the surplus rural labors after the urban-rural dual system has been gradually loosening. Therefore, different periods of urbanization produced two types of urban immigrations, which can be called the old city immigration and the new city immigration. This study focuses on the latter one.The new city immigration represents who transferred from rural areas to urban areas in the process of urbanization of our country after the Reform and Opening, now are living and working in cities, with the willing of long-term settlement, and who have stable income but haven't own their city registers till now.Comparing to the city immigration before 1980s, the new city immigration have two different factors:On the one hand, This group can move from rural area to urban area according to their need because there are longer separated by the urban-rural dual system; On the other hand, the old city immigrants were allowed migrating to urban areas and gained a legal status in city corresponding. However the new city immigrants who have migrated to cities and have a strong wish to settle in the city, still can't be recognized as the urban citizen limited by the household registration system. So the urban adaptability of the new city immigration became more difficult and be focused by lots of researchers. "The production mode of material life constraints the process of social life, political life and spiritual life", the totally different production modes of city and countryside will lead the different cultural traits, life styles and values. The urban adaptability of the new city immigration refers to those who compared to modern citizens, adjusted their physical and psychological conditions continuously, so that individuals or groups can live in the city in harmony. The main reference of this study is the researches relative to city migration and urban adaptability of flowing populations. Taking the new city immigration as research object, and using social research methods such as questionnaires, individual interviews and field observations, this study focuses on the city adaptability of new city immigration. In this study, there are two scales to measure the city adaptability of the new city immigration:economic adaptability (including career, income, city purchasing power and so forth); life-style adaptability (including leisure style, communication type, degree of mastering the urban language and so on. What's more the study, through a series correlation analyzes, to find out factors that influence on the urban adaptability of the new city immigration, including the factors of individual level and social level. At last the study gives some suggestions of improving the urban adaptability of the new city immigration.