Research On Water Inveironment Of Ming And Qing Dynasties In Zheng Zhou Region

Compared to the water environment of today, It had many rivers which wer rich of water and trenches in Zheng zhou District in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Due to human and natural factors, Some rivers have changed Such as The Yellow river went southward; The Bian river died; The Jia lu river went westward and so on. The direct reason of these changes was that The Yellow river frequently bursted under the floods.The Jia lu River and Luo River could be sailing in Zheng zhou District in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which proved that these rivers had plenty of water. At that time floods and droughts frequently occurred in Zheng zhou District. These floods and droughts not only had common features with difference under time and region but also had their own characteristics. Floods have occurred more in the summer and autumn which rainfall concentrated, and it occurred more in the plain than that in the mountainous areas. While Droughts were more in the winter and spring and early summer. And it was also more in the plain than that in the mountainous areas. The occurrence of serious drought also had characteristics similar to 22-year cycle, which was same period as the outbreak of sunspot activity.The relationship between human and water in Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly in that people resisted floods. At that time water resources shortage didn't yet exist. Harmonious relationship between human and water is that people should learn to take advantages of water and to avoid the floods. In order to change the unfavorable water environment, people digged trenches and built dikes, which had been proved effective. Digging trenches not only received benefits of irrigation but also decreased the potential of floods.