Research Of "X-Er" Structure In

People always think of novel firstly, when they talking about the literature of Ming Dynasty. For three of the Four Classic Novels were born in this dynasty, it also had such praiseworthy works as,, 'San Yan','Er Pai'. Compare to the novels of Ming Dynasty, Zaju was overshadowed, even eclipsed by Zaju of Yuan Dynasty. But it still had its characteristic, it was wonderful, too. is an anthology of Ming-dynasty Zaju, which was published during the waning days of Ming Dynasty. It is indispensable and full of representativeness to the study of Ming-dynasty Zaju. It's also valuable on Linguistics, for the works it selected were mostly written by authors born and lived in the southern part of the country, especially in the region that people use Wu dialect. According to the modern Wu dialect, either Er affix in grammar or Erhua in Phonetics, must be seldom. However, has plenty of "X-Er" structures, and most of them are affix, which are added to several word classes, such as nouns, classifiers, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, and so on. Besides, it already had the necessary and sufficient conditions that Erhua's existence needed.The thesis is divided into three parts:The first chapter is exordium. The author firstly explained the significancy of the topic from two sides, that are the value of the work and its language, and also explained the study scope and method. Then the author talked about the general situation of the research. Besides the situation of the work, the author particularly introduced the former research of the word Er's character. In the first place, the author combed the different opinions when the scholars use the terms affix and suffix. During the writing process, the author only used the term affix, and defined it by myself, then established the standard of affix. In the second place, the author discussed the three main ideas about the linguistic characters of Erhua:affix morpheme theory which was represented by Mr. Zhao Yuanren and Mr. Zhu Dexi, two morpheme theory which was represented by Mr. Gao Mingkai, rhythm theory which was represented by Mr. Ge Benyi and Mr. Li Licheng. In the end, the author described the research situation of the phonetic history of the character Er.In the second chapter, the author primarily illustrated two different kinds of the character Er, the etyma and the affix. Secondly, the author counted and analyzed the situations that the Er affix added to different word classes, also its nature of Xiaocheng affix. In this chapter, the author also analyzed some fixed structure, noun+Er+noun, Yi+time noun+Er, noun/verb+Tou/Zi+Er, overlapping verb+Er, and so forth.In the third chapter, the author analyzed and proved the pronounciation of character Er in the X-Er" structure of. The author firstly combed the situation of the rhyme word Er, though it mostly rhymed with the word in "Zhi Si rhyme" and "Qi Wei rhyme", it rhymed with the word in "Che Zhe rhyme" yet. Secondly, the author proved the necessary condition that Erhua existed, that is the huge amount Er used, and the sufficient conditions, that are the high density, the symmetric syllable and the rhyme will be destroyed when Er was read independently, exist in the structure that Erhua can easily generate, double affixes are not in keeping with the phonetic economic principle, the sound will weaken when it exist in a stable structure.