Development And Crossroads

Song Dynasty is a key period that Chinese military examination developed in ancient times. The people of Song Dynasty based military examination on Tang Dynasty, and had been in progress inheriting and developing. This caused military examination had become important component of imperial examination in Song Dynasty. The military examination of Song Dynasty established civil and military to be the basic pattern constructing concurrently. And technological academy, military academy had been first established in government official school in Song Dynasty, been used to train military talented person. The military examination of Song Dynasty had made major contribution out for development of Chinese imperial examination system in ancient times. Therefore, the military examination of Song Dynasty was inherited and developed by coeval Jin Dynasty, and brought future Ming and Qing Dynasty.The military examination of Song Dynasty joined an organization going ahead completely, standardized very much on system, and all-round in content. The people of Song Dynasty also looked upon military examination as the subject being to choose general. However, passed through Song Dynasty, military examination had not selected a famous general in the true sense. Not only that, the metropolitan graduate of military examination did not willing to enlist in the military and become civilian officials through the test had already become the common social phenomenon. As a whole, the achievement of military examination of Song Dynasty is disappointing. Investigating its reason, under the policy of advocating civil administration, the military examination presented many malpractices in the implementing process. These malpractices restricted the development of military examination and caused it to be unable to display selecting the military talented person's effect.This article divides into two major parts as a whole. The first part focuses on description of military examination, mainly includes established process of military examination, description of each component of military examination, establishment, operation and significance of military academy. The second part focuses on rise and fall and controversial of the early military academy, evaluation and analysis of the shortcomings and social problems of military academy, the historical significance of military academy. This article makes every effort while to elaborate the system of the military examination of Song Dynasty, relates times background to analyse the malpractices of the military examination of Song Dynasty, so as to return the military examination of Song Dynasty to its original state as far as possible and makes impersonal valuation out to it.