A Study On The Schema Theory's Role In The Process Of Making Words Into Sentence

At present on the research of the "Schema Theory", Linguists most adopt the perspective of foreign language teaching, this perspective is single and similar. In this paper we choose a new perspective and discuss the important role and the cognitive operation characteristics of the schema theory as the internal operational mechanism in the intellectual games of"making words into sentences". At the same time, we analyze the syntactic performance of the various words on the surface of syntax. Next we discuss the application of the schema theory from the microscopic perspective .That is we use schema theory to explain the child's syntax practice and our day-to-day speech production process.First we summarize the schema theory, the embodied view of meaning, the encyclopedia view, the association view and the activation view which are this paper's guiding ideology. Schema also called frame. It is one kinds of abstract cognitive structures and is a unified whole in the human knowledge and experience. Schema can provide wealth background knowledge for using and understanding language. Schema theory is using this cognitive psychology theory to analyze the role of this cognitive frame in the process of language using and understanding. At the same time we introduce the four basic characteristics of the schema theory.Second we analyze the schema's central role in every aspect of cognitive operation process which is making words into sentences. From the activation of the frame to fill the slots of the frame and to the output of the last sentence, Schema always plays an important role in the process. Through analysis we know in the process of the sentence formation, schema operation has the following characteristics: 1.the diversity of the schema activation;2.the conceptual nature when fill the slots;3.the significance when activate the schema and the schema slots;4.the level when activate the schemas;5.the people's differences when activate the schemas. At the same time we have reached a conclusion that the final output of the sentence is based on the events schema frame. The words given by the game most do as object, attribute, location adverbial and other syntactic elements in the first and the second level of the syntactic structure. The subject of the sentence is selected provisionally by players in accordance with their own needs. The verb of the sentence is also selected provisionally in accordance with the specific needs of the scene belonging to the schema which is activated by the words. Both the subject and the verb don't have the only standard answer. This makes the final output sentences showing a trend of diversification in the syntactic structure.At last we use schema theory to explain the child's syntax practice and our day-to-day speech production process. These two language activities are all activating the old schema in the brain and explain the objective world and scene we has observaed rely on schema. These two language activities all follow a process which includes activating, choosing, giving up, modifying and confirming the conceptual structure in the cognitive operations. The cognitive process is integrating the outside information into the cognitive structure or schema which has existed in our mind, at the same time by the impact of the elements which has changed by the schema, the schema change its earlier cognitive structure and establish a new schema to adapt the reality.The application research of the schema theory is a hot spot in the cognitive linguistics academic circle. In this paper we use a new perspective to expand the application research scope of the schema theory. But this kind of explanation is a theoretical inference and assumption, it focus on theoretical analysis and speculation and is not a empirical research. So this paper just does some preliminary work. I hope other researchers can make more efforts to make the application research of this theory to a higher level.