A Multi-dimensional Study Of "(X) Zhenshi (de)" Construction

"(X) Zhenshi (de)"is a kind of very common oral construction that can express theemotion of " blaming", "complaining" and so on.But the ever related research on thisconstruction was very few.This paper will carry on comprehensive studying of theconstruction in terms of syntactic sentence structure, semanteme, discourse, and thedevelopment that lasts etc.The research results herein mainly have the following several points:1. Point out the fault of the explanation from authoritative reference books,and definethe whole semanteme of the construction as "blaming", which can be divided into twokinds roughly: "substantive blame" and "non- substantive blame".2. As to "substantive blame", except that some can be judged by "the feelingmarkednesses ", we can also estimate the emotion intensity that expresses through " biasdegree between Z and reason", "property of the thing"and" intensity of the attention".3. In view of form, " X " includes the personal pronoun, person denoting-nouns,demonstrative pronoun, reply the pointing type, containing echoing language types, pointthing types, non-form etc.4. The modificatory composition before" (X) Zhenshi (de) "mainly are "but" and" too". The former can often strengthen the emotion expressed, while the later can oftenrelax the emotion expressed.5. The construction appears in two discourse environment: in the talk and in thepsychological context. We regard this construction as a kind of behavioral mark forexpressing emotion of "blaming", " complain"etc, and the content of "complaining" is setas Y, there are four kinds of position relations between them. In addition, the constructionhas three pieces of respect function in the discourse-follow the preceding context,openthe following context and end the context.6. Diachronic investigation of the construction from the angle of grammaticalizationand grammaticalization mechanism...