The Study On Harnessing Rivers By Jin Fu

The most of scientific workers and historians focuses on researching about floods and harnessing the Yellow River. Because it is relation to the national welfare and people's live, the rulers of past dynasties paid attention to it. JINFU was the remarkable official on harnessing the Yellow river in Qing dynasties. It has important theoretical value and practical significance to water conservancy history of china by enhancing the study on harnessing the Yellow river, but also to the sustainable development of society and found famous brand and protect ecological environment and the construction of the socialist harmonious society.JINFU(1633-1692), an extraordinary expert at controlling rivers in the Qing dynasty. Alias was ZIHUAN, The Xianghuang Banner of Chinese army. He assumed the office of river governor-general in long kangxi period of time and was in charge of controlling Huang River and the Grand Canal and Huai River. During his ceaseless practice, he adopted Pan Ji-xun's strategy of"building dams to control water ,utilizing water to stabilize sand",in the same time ,he had been earnestly drawing beneficial achievements in researching and controlling Huang River out of the former generations, formed a system of controlling Huang River and Huai river and the Grand Canal. It was a series of pioneering undertaking to controlling river technically. He came to a settlement the problem of river disaster since the founding of the Qing dynasty, but also had a profound effect upon the three dynasty of KangYongQian We are supposed to approbate the great achievement of the expert for controlling rivers.This paper, based on a summary of the existing researches, study on the relation of water conservancy history and social factor by Jin Fu's controlling rivers. The analysis and comparison river governor-general in Ming and Qing dynasty between Jin Fu's and other general, so as ,Pan Jixun ,Zhang Penghe, Qi Sule, and Gao Bin by research methods of historical comparisons. We should approbate the great achievement of the expert for controlling rivers and the status of water conservancy history and analyze the reason about existing the river disaster so long time in Qin dynasty .The author hope it will be helpful to the construction of water conservancy and the socialist harmonious society.There are four sections in this paper:In the first section, it introduces the social background of controlling rivers by Jin Fu. After the yellow River forces to flow into Huai he, the river course was very instability. The Yellow River and Huai he and the Grand Canal convergence nearby QingKou In the beginning of Kangxi dynasty, the government of Qin dynasty was confronted with the bad problem about river disaster. Jin Fu took up the post of river governor-general and devoted major efforts to control the rivers during the difficulty of country.In the second section, it discusses on Jin Fu's controlling river mostly. Depended on Kangxi's guiding principles, Jin Fu had charged of a series of water conservancy projects and achieved the significant efficacy. The author considers that Jin Fu adopted Pan Jinxun's general plan of harnessing the yellow river, but he surpassed Pan Jixun at river controlling technically. During his controlling rivers, Jin Fu gave prominence to embody the awareness of harnessing rivers for farming and had charged of a series of water conservancy projects. It could develop the agriculture in Huai-Yang area. Because it had to face with difference resistance during controlling rivers, Jin Fu came into being a series of the disputes with Qin government. From this, we can obtained conclusions: The scheme of drawing up rivers affair must centre at the scholarship and aritoku governor-general. The rivers affair must break away politics. Rivers of regulation are in need of working together with one heart.In third section, the comprehensive comparison rivers-governor-general in Ming and Qing dynasty between JinFu's and other general, so as Pan Jixun, Zhang Penghe, Qi Sule, and Gao Bin by research methods of historical comparisons. Depended on introducing their river regulation respectively, we may draw such conclusion: Jin Fu remarkably succeeded in controlling rivers which had endowed him as the pioneer and explorer of the water conservancy history in China and has a profound influence on the latter generations. At the same time, this paper talks about opinions about the reason of Qin's sticking to old way in rivers regulation technically: on the one hand, the emperors attached importance to harness the Yellow river and attached themselves to river affairs during Kangxi period Yongzheng period and Qianlong period. .At strengthening absolute monarchy, the river-governor-general was the lack of creative thinking and seeking truth from the facts and adhering to truth. On the other hand, it was blocked at learning advanced experiences from the West. So we get some conclusions: It had development and advancement, but lacking of innovation in Qin river affairs. The success and failure in the rivers affair contacted between politics. The achievement is critical in paying great attention to talented people and investigation and study. The basic experience of rivers affair's further development is constant reform with the continual change of situations.In the forth section, the study on Jin Fu's controlling rivers and historical enlightenment. Finally, we think that Jin Fu was not only a outstanding official during kangxi period, but also a historic expert in water conservancy. Study on the water conservancy history of the Yellow River could come to some valuable conclusions for current: we harness the Yellow river from protecting fundamental interest of the Chinese nation and sticking up for global behalf. We deal with flood control and utilization. We should take comprehensive treatment for harnessing the Yellow river from the whole river. It is important for ecological balance to inhibitory effect on the Yellow river disaster.