The Yellow Dragon Rivulet Area Water Social Conservancy (1760-1949)

The concern of the relationship between water conservancy and social problems in recent years has become a popular topic in water conservancy historical researches. The earlier researches, represented by Karl A.Wittfogel's water controling, mainly deals with the relationship between water conservancy and politics. A group of Japanese experts who are insterested in Chinese water conservancy history make this problem reach a higher academic point when mentioling the correlation between water conservancy and the state, the grass-root organizations in the countryside while they are arguing the problem of water conservancy common body. Whereas, the researches on water conservancy and the social relationship starting from regional water conservancy, from the study of water conservancy history traditionally, transfering to the researches on the water right related to water irrigatton, then paying attention to the relation between water conservancy irrigation and environmental changes.The reasearches on the different roles played by the central and local government in water conservancy business in history on the changes of society controling under the environmental changes of water conservancy irrigation in the countryside.On this basis, I'm going to deal with the inner regulation of how interactions between water controling system and water conservancy society in historical social changes in my article/paper.Concretely speaking, in the early Ching dynasty, along with the construction of the Ancient Buddhist Embankment Marine Hydraulic Engineering to solve the servere problem of water using in agriculture where the topography is very peculiar, the conflicts of water using makes the local government establish a special organization——the" Three County Court"——to solve probiems arosed from water using. In order to solve the newly social conflicts arosed in the Yellow Dragon Rivulet aera when it was developed prsperously.The local government gives the" Three County Court" more rights to solve the newly social conflicts. During the time of Guo Ming Dan ruling, in order to adapt the demand of the local administrative management, the local government established the Embankment Work Bureau instead of the" Three County Court" to take charge of water using problems. The change of the functions of the Three Courts reflected the mode of social movement in this place, it also refracted the state rule carried by the local administration to control the development of the society. This article mainly deals with the individual case of the Ancient Buddhist Embankment Marine Hydraulic Engineering, displaying the pattern of the social development in this area through the research of the interactive historical process of the organization management. That is to say it displaying the water conservancy maintenance of the Yellow Dragon River and the historical variety of the management, and how it influencing on society in histry, and at what degree the state government playing roles among them. So here is the conclusion:the social changes of the Yellow Dragon Rivulet area is always influenced by the use of water resources,and it also reflected the patterns of social development in this aera, while the changes of theThree County Court management reflecting the interaction and the adjustment of the of nation and the local society.These conclusions do not only show the importance to the research of the social structure in Chinese countryside but also.