Studies On The Social Life Of Lower Intellectuals Without Record Of Schooling In Jiangnan Area During The Early And Middle Stages Of Qing Dynasty

Since the imperial examination system was set up, the lower intellectuals without record of schooling were the most part and the weakened group in the intellectuals. Their living conditions should be concerned. This article focused on three of them in Jiangnan area during the early and middle stages of Qing Dynasty. Yao Tinglin was born inl628 and died after 1697, Shenfu was born in 1763 and died after 1835, Gu Zhentao was born in 1790 and died after 1840. Through studying Yao's Linianji, Shen's Fushengliuij and Gu's Wumenbiaoyin, this article described and analyzed their detailed social life conditions that were including their material life and mental life. This article summed up three types of their social life, which were the realistic life of Yao, the artistic life of Shen, the undying of virtue, writing and achievements of Gu. Then analyzed the common characters and characteristics of their social life, the features of their social life and so on. Through analyzing these three examples, we tried to look into the social life of this weakened group in Jiangnan area during the early and middle stages of Qing Dynasty.