The Researches In The Administration Of Mongolian Banner Of Rehe And The Social Vicissitudes In Qing Dynasty

The administration (the exploitation of virgin lands, the management of the localauthorities, the dissemination of the agricultural cultures) of Mongolian banner of Rehe andthe social vicissitudes is an important question for the historical studies of frontier region inQing Dynasty. Although the academic circles of our country have obtain great achievement inthe studies of the exploitation of Mongolian lands, researchers have not reached full width anddepth. Few researchers have studied the relation between the administration of the Mongolianbanner of Rehe and the social changes. There still are many questions which we need makingthrough investigations and studies. For example, what influences do the "administration" ofQing Dynasty on the special district? What changes do the Mongolian banner of Rehe takeplace in social structure (including the changes of the categories of its economy, themanagement of local government and the spread of cultures)? How many stages can theprocess of the exploitation be divided into? What is the criterion? As a special area, there aremany vicissitudes of the whole local function of Rehe region. What are they? From a newprospective, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the issue and solves some theoryquestion of historical researches. Based on documents and researches by scholars, this paper consists of four sections. The first section presents a detailed analysis of the exploitive policy of virgin lands inRehe region and the changes of the policy. In my opinion, according to the factualdevelopment of the policy, the exploitive activities should be divided into five stages. The second section systematically narrates and probes into the relation between the"administration" and the economic vicissitude. During the reign of Qing Dynasty, theeconomic structure of Rehe region has changed greatly. Faming, semi-faming, livestockhusbandry, handicraft industry, and business are all flourishing. This part analyzes the relationbetween agricultural civilization and nomadic civilization. The third section discusses the two administrative systems in Mongolian banner of Rehe:the Mongolian banner system (Meng-Qi) and the Chinese bureaucratic system(Ting-Fu-Zhou-Xian). Of course, "Ting" is an equivalent to prefect and country in the interiorregions. These two administrative systems coexisted and reflected very complicated relations.Meanwhile, the Chinese bureaucratic system gradually played a leading role. The last section inquires into the ethical cultures blending .A large member of interiorpeople immigrated into Rehe region from Zhili, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi Provinces duringQing Dynasty. When they have had close contact with each other, the ethical cultures havebeen blend together and the customs and conventions have been merged together. The study on the administration of Mongolian banner of Rehe and the social vicissitudes is both a historical question and a practical one. Therefore, lining out the vicissitudes of Rehe region is significant to the historical studies of the frontier region in Qing Dynasty, what's more important is that the studies can put forward some useful advice for the development of this area in nowdays.