| Sima Qian wrote Records of History, assessing in a word carrying on the Spring and Autumn and narrating with abundant feeling inheriting the Book of songs. Records of History was highly acclaimed and compared to no rhythm Li Sao by Lu Xun. Its researcher was not short of in per dynasty after Han Dynasty and their study methods was varied. Criticizing and marking Records of History was one of them, created and developed in Ming Dynasty. Wu Jiansi's Criticizing the Articles of Records of History carried forward the common practice of the criticizing and assessing articles of the scholars in Ming Dynasty and obtained great achievement in the literarily researching into Records of History. But the achievement was always despised. My thesis researches on Wu Jiansi's rules criticizing and assessing Records of History, organizes the content of the work and tries to make a objective and fair evaluation on the work.Part One Author and His WorksWu Jiansi was born in Wujin, Jiangsu, in about 1627. The year of his death was between 1676 and 1686. He read a lot of books since childhood and his works possessed historical ability and insight. He was sagacious in reading books and assessing history, enjoying the same fame as Jin Shengtan. They had been close friends. Besides Criticizing the Articles of Records of History, Wu Jiansi worte Criticizing the Songs of Du Fu, included in the Si Ku Quan Shu Cun Mu. Criticizing the Articles of Records of History was firstly inscribed printing blocks in 1687. It had several editions in Kangxi times. Hence forth, its editions chiefly included the block-printed edition in Jingdou, Japan, in 1826, the block-printed edition printed by GuiyuanPublishing House in 1896 and some type-set-printed editions published by Guangyi Publishing House and Zhonghua Publishing House in Republic of China times. The book's overall appraisal in the end of per article was collated by Lu Yongpin, working in Institute Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and was published by the Press of Northeast Normal University in 1985.Part Two Researching on Criticizing the Articles of Records of History ItselfIn this part the thesis analyses the work from the aspects of the stylistic rules and layout, the criticizing and assessing rules and its contents. The work is a criticizing and assessing book. Its purpose is to comb the article structure of Records of History and to make appreciative remarks on the articles. We must combine criticizing and assessing with collating because of a lot of errors in Records of History. Wu Jiansi's criticizing and assessing Records of History rules includes: the aims and ways of criticizing and assessing, the choice of its sections and chapters, its reading methods and the art of composition and sentence structure and word usages.The contents comprise three aspects: the narrative arts, describing characters arts and the biography rules.Firstly, Records of History is a great milestone in the course of the development of the Chinese narrative literature because it initiated the Chinese ancient biography literature, changing the narrative angle since pre-Qin period. He founded many narrative methods, being the example of the narrative literature of later generations. But the Chinese narrative study far lagged behind its objective development. Fortunately, there was a trend of researching the narrative rules in the school of criticizing and assessing in Ming and Qing times. Wu Jiansi revealed Sima Qian's narrative characters and achievement,combining the article of Records of History.Secondly, the astonishing achievement of Records of History had been recognized by Mao Kun and other men in Ming Dynasty, but the Sima Qian's arts describing characters had been not researched thoroughly until Qing Dynasty. Wu Jiansi thought that there were three noteworthy aspects in Sima Qian's describing characters.(1)Sima Qian was skilful in selecting materials in order to display individual characters. His style of writing always tallied characters h... |
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