Wh-movement And Wh-in-situ

The comparison and analysis of English wh-movement and Chinese wh-in-situ in this dissertation is carried out within the framework of TG Grammar. The author aims to find out their similarities and differences in logical form, syntax and meaning. First, the theoretical status of wh-movement is provided here, including differences between NP-movement and wh-movement; motivation of wh-movement, constraints of wh-movement and parameterized wh-criterion. Then the author analyses in detail about English wh-movement and Chinese wh-in-situ phenomena. In English, three different cases are discussed: independent questions, embedded questions, and relative clauses. In Chinese, the distribution of Chinese wh-words and approaches of distributional properties are introduced. Chinese wh-in-situ get different interpretations: movement and non-movement. Moreover, grammatical mechanism of wh-movement and wh-in-situ is discussed here, including logical scope and morphology. Finally, special cases in English and Chinese wh-questions are provided here, such as echo questions and multiple wh-questions.In the light of the above explanation, the author aims to disclose the inner relation between wh-movement and wh-in-situ and makes a clear picture of both English wh-questions and Chinese wh-questions.