The Sino-Soviet Differences And Polemics From 1956 To 1964

The Sino-Soviet Differences and Polemics, which happened from the middle and late fifties to the middle sixties in the 19th century, caused the big division of the Sino-Soviet relations and the world communist movement, and deeply influenced the world strategic pattern later. The probe of the origin, course, historical influence of the Sino-Soviet differences and polemics had become one of the big points in the cold war international history study. If we deeply analyzed the historical course of the Sino-Soviet relations from divergences to polemics, we can gain important enlightenment and meaning.The thesis divided mainly into six parts to analyze the Sino-Soviet differences and polemics, which was an important topic in contemporary diplomatic history of china.Part one: Background of the Sino-Soviet differences and polemics. It talked mainly from history and the period of the Sino-Soviet alliance to analyze. At the beginning of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the discord of conflicts behind the Sino-Soviet alliance made the leader's of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) felt the inequality of the Sino-Soviet contacts, while all of this originated from the drop of national psychology which was caused by the different historical tradition between the CCP and the communist party of the Soviet union (CPSU). It was the variable in the Sino-Soviet relations, influenced unneglectedly and profoundly. This thesis started from this and revealed deeply national psychology's special role in the Sino-Soviet differences and polemics.Part two: Reasons of the Sino-Soviet Differences. The starting point ofinthe Sino-Soviet differences was the Soviet Party's 20th congress, the leaders of the CCP had different opinions to the Peaceful Transition and the evaluation of Stalin, we can say, seeded in the Sino-Soviet differences and polemics.Part three: The extension and deepening of differences. With the international and domestic environmental change, China and the Soviet Union had divergence in a series of military, foreign strategy, developing pattern and so on. Under such condition, the Soviet leaders neglected and hurt the Chinese special national psychology, and this intensified and extended the original divergences. The Sino-Soviet Polemics brewed for a long time and was coming.Part four: The public big polemics of the ideology and the worsening of the Sino-Soviet Relations. This part analyzed the characters of the polemics from the decision-making system, national psychology and the course of debate. While the dispute on the problems, such as Stalin issue, war and peace, peaceful co-existence, peaceful transition, formed the main contents.Part five: Historical influence and lesson of the Sino-Soviet Differences and Polemics. It mainly elaborated the aspects of its influence on the Chinese socialist developing tendency, and in many aspects summarized the deep lesson that we should take from it.Part six: Conclusion. The essence of the Sino-Soviet Differences and Polemics was the result of interacting of the divergence in strategic interest and ideology. But behind it, it also reflected the sharp conflicts of the superiority of party and country of the Soviet Union and national psychology of china's evaluating country's independence and sovereignty. So strengthening the research of national and cultural psychology had important meaning to china's internal and external affairs.