| In modern times, as a major energy source of world industry, the coal is not only the main driving force of all light and heavy industries and traffic but also essential basic resources in the war, which was also listed in important plundered goods by Japanese during invasion of China from 1937 to 1945. Jingxing Coal Mine occupied by Japanese troops during this period is used as the research object in this paper to describe contents such as occupation process, operating management, spoliation and destruction. The study of this problem helps us to understand more clearly the essence of the Japanese aggression in China.This article is divided into four parts to carry out research on operating management and spoliation of Jingxing Coal Mine by Japanese from 1937 to 1945:The first part mainly introduces that Japan casted greedy eyes on Jingxing mine. In the war, Japan casted greedy eyes on Jingxing mine because it urgently needed strong coking coal. Thereupon, it carried out investigations and occupation on Jingxing Coal Mine to invade Jingxing Coal Mine and Zhengfeng Coal Mine respectively on October 11,1937 and May 13, 1938 with military administration.The second part mainly discusses Japanese operating management on Jingxing Coal Mine. In order to plunder Jingxing coal resources, Japanese troops had developed detailed "development" scheme to organize management on Jingxing Mine, Zhengfeng Mine according to grade, improve traffic conditions and build up North China Coal Sales LLC and Shijiazhuang Coal Stockyard, improve Jingxing Coal Mines in the aspects of production, transportation, marketing, etc; in the employment system and the wage level, the Japanese had also taken measures to paralyze miners. These measures were aimed at plundering more coal resources more quickly.The third part mainly discovers spoliation and destructions on Jingxing Coal Mine by Japan. During occupation on Jingxing Mine for eight years, Japanese had not only looted a large number of coal resources but also explored the mine by destructive methods resulting in frequent mine disasters, continuous casualties of miners; Japanese had also appointed traitors and special agents to control and oppress workers. Under this high-pressure control, Jingxing, Zhenfeng coal miners was led by the Communist Party of China to embark on the road against Japan and carry out the struggle like raging fires. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, while accelerating exploitation of Jingxing coal resources, Japanese had also accelerated its demise. Under the leadership of Jingxing party committee, Jingxing coal miners had kept on fighting and eventually Jingxing Coal Mine was returned to the hands of Chinese people.The fourth part objectively looks upon history by analyzing Japanese operating management, spoliation and destruction on Jingxing Coal Mine.The author believes that in early period that Japanese had occupied Jingxing, Zhengfeng to take the military administration and guidance under their own arrangement, which could effectively protect the mine from the devastation by war; continuous improvement of coal transportation network by Japanese had also objectively promoted urbanization process around the mine. However, these means and measures adopted by Japanese troops were based on purpose to plunder coal mine resources, which is the real historical fact and essence of Japanese aggression against China we should recognize. |
